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The Decapolis (Greek: Δεκάπολις, Ten Cities) was a group of ten cities on the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire in the southeastern Levant. The cities were grouped together because of their language, culture, location, and political status, with each functioning as an autonomous city-state. Though sometimes described as a "league" of cities, it is now believed that they were never formally organized as a political unit. The Decapolis was a center of Greek and Roman culture in a region that was otherwise Semitic (Nabatean, Aramean, and Jewish). In the time of the Emperor Trajan, the cities were placed into the provinces of Syria and Arabia Petraea; after a later reorganization several cities were placed in Syria Palaestina and later Palaestina Secunda. Most of the Decapolis region is located in modern-day Jordan, but Damascus is in Syria and Hippos and Scythopolis are in Israel. == Cities == The names of the traditional Ten Cities of the Decapolis come from the Roman historian Pliny the Elder (N.H. 5.16.74). They are: # Gerasa (Jerash) in Jordan # Scythopolis (Beth-Shean) in Israel, the only city west of the Jordan River # Hippos (Hippus or Sussita) in Israel # Gadara (Umm Qais) in Jordan # Pella (West of Irbid) in Jordan # Philadelphia, modern day Amman, the capital of Jordan # Capitolias (Beit Ras) in Jordan (Dion, Jordan) # Canatha (Qanawat) in Syria # Raphana in Jordan # Damascus, the capital of modern Syria; Damascus was more north than the others and so is sometimes thought to have been an "honorary" member. According to other sources, there may have been as many as eighteen or nineteen Greco-Roman cities counted as part of the Decapolis. For example, Abila is very often cited as belonging to the group. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Decapolis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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