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Deconica
''Deconica'' is a genus of mushrooms in the family Strophariaceae. It was formerly considered synonymous with ''Psilocybe'' until molecular studies showed that genus to be polyphyletic, made of two major clades: one containing bluing, hallucinogenic species, the other non-bluing and non-hallucinogenic species. ''Deconica'' contains species formerly classified in the sections ''Deconica'' and ''Coprophila'' of ''Psilocybe''.〔
==Taxonomy==
Until recently, ''Deconica'' was generally considered to be synonymous with ''Psilocybe'', and was originally named as a subgenus of ''Agaricus'' by Worthington George Smith in 1870.〔 It was later raised to generic level by Petter Karsten in 1879.〔 However, several molecular studies published in the 2000s demonstrated that ''Psilocybe'', as it was defined then, was polyphyletic.〔〔〔 The studies supported the idea of dividing the genus into two clades, one consisting of the bluing, hallucinogenic species, and the other made of the non-bluing, non-hallucinogenic species. However, the generally accepted lectotype (a specimen later selected when the original author of a taxon name did not designate a type) of the genus as a whole was ''Psilocybe montana'', a non-hallucinogenic species; if those forms of the species in the study were to be segregated, it would leave the hallucinogenic clade without a valid name. To resolve this taxonomical dilemma, it was proposed in 2005 to conserve the name ''Psilocybe'', with ''P. semilanceata'' as the type, leaving the option to use ''Deconica'' as the name for the non-hallucinogenic clade.〔 The proposal was accepted unanimously by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi in 2009.〔
''Deconica'' had previously been recognized as a separate genus by several authors, including Rolf Singer in 1951,〔 Dennis and Orton in 1960,〔 and Horak in 1979.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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