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Deipnon
In Greek, deipnon means the evening meal, usually the largest meal of the day. Hekate's Deipnon is, at its most basic, a meal served to the Titan Hekate and the restless dead once a lunar month. Ancient Athenians believed that once a lunar month, Hekate led the spirits of the unavenged or wrongfully killed accompanied by hounds from the underworld up from Hades.〔Aeschylus, Doubtul Fragment 249 (from Plutarch, On Superstition 3. 166A) (trans. Weir Smyth) Orphic Hymn 1 to Hecate Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica 6.110〕 It is also the last day of the month according to the lunisolar based Attic calendar used in ancient Athens.
== Historical Practices ==
The main purpose of the Deipnon was to honor Hekate and to placate the souls in her wake who “longed for vengeance.”〔Plutarch (Moralia, 709 A)〕 A secondary purpose was to purify the household and to atone for bad deeds a household member may have committed offended Hekate, causing her to withhold her favor from them.〔Orph. Lith. 48; Schol. ad Theocr l. c. ; Apollon. Rhod. iii. 1211; Lycoph. 1175; Horat. Sat. i. 8. 35; Virg. Aen. vi. 257〕 Hekate has power over heaven, earth, and sea and is able to grant prosperity and all the blessings of daily life.〔Encyclopedia Britannica, Hecate, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/259138/Hecate〕
The Deipnon was celebrated on the night before the first visible sliver of moon could be seen, the night of the new moon.〔Aristophanes (Plutus, 594)〕 The new moon was the last day of the lunar month and the Deipnon rituals allowed the family to begin the new month, which they celebrated as the Noumenia. This differs from how modern astronomy calculates the new moon, so one may not follow a modern calendar to set this date.
The Deipnon consists of three main parts: 1) the meal that was set out at a crossroads, 2) an expiation sacrifice, and 3) purification of the household.
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