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''Not to be confused with 13th Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion'' The ''Demi-brigade'' ((英語:Half-brigade)) was a military formation first used by the French Army during the French Revolutionary Wars. The ''Demi-brigade'' amalgamated the various infantry organizations of the French Revolutionary infantry into a single unit. Each one was headed by a chef de brigade. The term "''Demi-brigade''" was chosen to avoid the feudal ''ancien régime'' connotations of the term "''Régiment''". Napoleon Bonaparte ordered the term to be abandoned in 1803, and the ''demi-brigades'' were renamed "''régiments''". The term was reused by certain later units in the French Army, such as the 13th Foreign Legion Demi-Brigade, the only permanent demi-brigade in the modern French Army. == Background == The French Legislative Assembly voted to declare war on Austria on 20 April 1792, and Prussia joined the war against France. 1792 ended well for France, having conquered the Austrian Netherlands (Belgium) and parts of Germany. However, by early 1793, having guillotined Louis XVI of France on 21 January, France found itself at war with a coalition including Great Britain, the German States, the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, and Spain in addition to Austria and Prussia. By mid-1793, France had lost all the conquests of 1792, was fighting on multiple fronts, and threatened with invasion. In an effort to reverse the setbacks, France took a number of measures. In late August 1793, instigated by Lazare Carnot, France introduced the ''levée en masse'', a mass conscription of young unmarried men. Also in late August, a law was passed to amalgamate the infantry, which saw the formation of ''Demi-brigades''. Organized in 1794 as part of the French Revolutionary Armies. One division was made up of three brigades and one brigade was made up of 3 battalions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Demi-brigade」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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