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|Section2= |Section7= }} Denatonium, usually available as denatonium benzoate (under trade names such as BITTERANT-b, BITTER+PLUS, ''Bitrex'' or ''Aversion'') and as denatonium saccharide (under trade names such as BITTERANT-s), is the most bitter chemical compound known, with bitterness thresholds of 0.05 ppm for the benzoate and 0.01 ppm for the saccharide. It was discovered in 1958 during research on local anesthetics by MacFarlan Smith of Edinburgh, Scotland, and registered under the trademark ''Bitrex''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.macsmith.com/index.php?page=bitrex )〕 Dilutions of as little as 10 ppm are unbearably bitter to most humans. Denatonium salts are usually colorless and odorless solids but are often traded as solutions. They are used as aversive agents (bitterants) to prevent inappropriate ingestion. Denatonium is used in denatured alcohol,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.distill.com/specs/EU2.html )〕 antifreeze, nail biting preventions, respirator mask fit-testing, animal repellents, liquid soaps, and shampoos. It is not known to pose any long-term health risks. == Structure and physical properties == Denatonium is a quaternary ammonium cation. It is a compound of a salt with an inert anion like benzoate or saccharide. The structure of denatonium is related to the local anesthetic lidocaine, differing only by the addition of a benzyl group to the amino nitrogen. Other similar compounds are procaine and benzocaine. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Denatonium」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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