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Energy crop
An energy crop is a plant grown as a low-cost and low-maintenance harvest used to make biofuels, such as bioethanol, or combusted for its energy content to generate electricity or heat. Energy crops are generally categorized as woody or herbaceous plants; many of the latter are grasses (''Graminaceae'').
Commercial energy crops are typically densely planted, high-yielding crop species where the energy crops will be burnt to generate power. Woody crops such as willow or poplar are widely utilised, as well as temperate grasses such as ''Miscanthus'' and ''Pennisetum purpureum'' (both known as elephant grass).〔NNFCC, Hodsman, L., Smallwood, M., Williams, D. ("The Promotion of Non-Food Crops" ), ''National Non-Food Crops Centre'', 2005-11-30. Retrieved on 2009-05-11.〕 If carbohydrate content is desired for the production of biogas, whole-crops such as maize, Sudan grass, millet, white sweet clover and many others, can be made into silage and then converted into biogas.
Through genetic modification and application of biotechnology plants can be manipulated to create greater yields, reduce associated costs and require less water. However, high energy yield can be realized with existing cultivars.〔
==Types of energy crops==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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