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Derazhne
Derazhne ((ウクライナ語:Деражне), (ポーランド語:Deraźne), ) is a village in Kostopil Raion, Rivne Oblast, Ukraine. In 2001, Derazhne had 2102 residents. Postal code — 35053.〔(Registration card ) on the website of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine 〕 KOATUU code — 5623481601.
== History ==
Derazhne was mentioned for the first time in the historical sources in 1272.〔Derazhne〕 In 1626, Prince Janusz Ostrogski has built here a church of the Holy Trinity. A new stone catholic church was build in 1804, and an orthodox church in 1824. A Karaite Jewish (Karaim) community existed in Derazhne since the late 1500s. The community was severely damaged during the Chmielnicki uprising in 1649, and two poems about the destruction were written in Hebrew and in Turkic Karaim language by the leader of the congregation, Hazzan Joseph ben Yesh'uah Ha-Mashbir. Apparently, a small Karaite community survived until the Haidamakas uprising in 1768
During the Second Polish Republic (1918-1939) Derazhne was the seat of the rural municipality in the district of Rivne Derażne, and from 1 January 1925, of Kostopol Volyn province. The Jewish population constituted 624 persons in 1921.〔''Холокост на территории СССР: Энциклопедия'', Moscow, 2009, ISBN 978-5-8243-1296-6 s.263〕 After the Nazi German troops entered Derazhne on June 28, 1941, the ghetto was organized on October 5, 1941, and it was liquidated on August 24, 1942, with about 500 Jews killed.〔Władysław Siemaszko, Ewa Siemaszko, ''Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na ludności polskiej Wołynia 1939-1945'', Warszawa 2000, ISBN 83-87689-34-3, s.219〕 About 70 Poles were also killed during the war with only one surviving Polish family.〔E. Siemaszko, W. Siemaszko, ''Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na ludności polskiej Wołynia 1939-1945'', Warszawa 2000 , Wydawnictwo "von Borowiecky"; ISBN 83-87689-34-3, t.I, s.219-221〕
Ukrainian artist and OUN activist Nil Khasevich (1905-1952) served as a Judge in Derazhne during the Nazi occupation period in 1941.〔ладков, Теодор; Стекляр, Борис. Рассказы полковника Бондаря // Чекисты рассказывают / Составитель В. Листов. — М.: Советская Россия, 1985. — Т. 6. — С. 121—178.〕 Ukrainian and Russian poet Rostislav Zass (1940-1999) lived for many years and was buried in Derazhne. In 2010, a memorial for Ukrainian Insurgent Army freedom fighters was built in Derazhne.〔(У селі Деражне відкрили пам’ятник борцям за незалежність України )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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