|
Desmarestiaceae is a family of brown algae, one of two families in the order Desmarestiales.〔Guiry, M. D. & G. M. Guiry. 2013. (Desmarestiales. ) AlgaeBase. National University of Ireland, Galway. Accessed 04 June 2013.〕 There are three genera in this family. Two are monotypic, ''Himantothallus'' (species name ''Himantothallus grandifolius'') and ''Phaeurus'' (species name ''Phaeurus antarcticus''). These are both endemic to Antarctica.〔Peters, A. F., et al. (1997). (Phylogeny and historical ecology of the Desmarestiaceae (Phaeophyceae) support a Southern Hemisphere origin. ) ''J Phycol'' 33 294-309.〕 The third genus, ''Desmarestia'', has 30〔Guiry, M. D. & G. M. Guiry. 2013. (''Desmarestia''. ) AlgaeBase. National University of Ireland, Galway. Accessed 04 June 2013.〕 to 40 species.〔 Most species have narrow, localized ranges, but some ''Desmarestia'', such as ''D. ligulata'' and ''D. viridis'', have disjunct but global distributions. It is thought that the family began its evolution in the Southern Hemisphere and radiated north. It is now distributed across much of the world, but is largely absent from tropical regions. These algae require colder water temperatures for the successful production of gametes.〔 Species of the Desmarestiaceae can grow large, with the thallus, the plantlike main part of the alga, reaching maximum lengths around 10 meters. They can be flattened or cylindrical, and narrow or many-branched. They are oogamous, with microscopic gametophytes.〔Womersley, H. B. S. (Family Desmarestiaceae (Thuret) Kjellman. ) Electronic Flora of South Australia. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Government of South Australia. 2001.〕 The thalli of some ''Desmarestia'' contain vacuoles of sulfuric acid with a pH as low as 0.44. These likely evolved to deter predators.〔 These algae have a very sour taste.〔Turner, N. J. and P. von Aderkas. ''The North American Guide to Common Poisonous Plants and Mushrooms''. Timber Press. 2009. pg. 116.〕 They can also have a bad odor when they are removed from the water.〔Bremner, H. A. ''Safety and Quality Issues in Fish Processing''. CRC Press. 2002. pg. 235.〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Desmarestiaceae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|