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Despotiko
Despotikó ((ギリシア語:Δεσποτικό)) is a small, uninhabited Greek island in the Cyclades. It is situated west of the island of Antiparos, and east of the smaller island of Strongyli.
==Geography==
The small and dry island is located about 700 m southwest from the shores of Antiparos. Despotiko is situated almost exactly in the center of the Cyclades and during clear days it offers spectacular views towards the surrounding islands of Antiparos, Syros, Serifos, Sifnos, Kimolos, Folegandros, Sikinos and Ios (in anticlockwise order). Administratively, the island is part of the community of Antiparos. Presently, the island can only be reached by boats starting from the island of Antiparos. Boats leave either from the main village of Antiparos or from Agios Georgios (southwest Antiparos), just opposite Despotiko. Usually, the final destination for them lies on the southern part of the island where a large sandy beach is located.
The strait separating Despotiko from Antiparos only has a minimum depth of about 1m, with the intervening islet of Koimitiri. This extreme shallowness of the strait suggests the possibility of a link between Antiparos and Despotiko in former times. Indicators of previous sea-levels include archaeological remains on the sea-floor of Despotiko Bay such as Early Bronze Age cist graves off Koimitiri down to 3m water depths; additionally there are walls, a well-head, and an oven of unknown age at a 3m depth off-shore from Agios Georgios on Antiparos.〔Bent, J.T. (1885) ''The Cyclades, or, Life Among the Insular Greeks''. Longman, Green, London, 501 p.〕〔Morrison, J.A., (1968) ''Relative sea-level change in the Saliagos area since Neolithic times''. In: J.D. Evans and A.C. Renfrew (eds.), Excavations at Saliagos near Antiparos, Appendix I, The British School at Athens Supplementary Volume, 5, Thames and Hudson, London, pp. 92-98.〕 Numerous parallel trenches occur west of the Panagia chapel on Despotiko〔Draganits, E. (2009) Archaic sanctuary on Despotiko Island (Cyclades): Geological situation, lithological characterization of the building stones and their possible provenance. Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences, 102, 91-101.〕 which have not been excavated or dated so far, but can be compared with the almost identical, partly submerged, probably Hellenistic viticulture trenches from northeast Antiparos.〔 These submerged archaeological structures, together with a Classical marble inscription 〔Kourayos, Yannos. (2006) ''Despotiko Mandra: a sanctuary dedicated to Apollo''. In: M. Yeroulanou and M. Stamatopoulou (eds.), Architecture and Archaeology in the Cyclades, Papers from a colloquium held at Lincoln College, University of Oxford, 17 April 2004, BAR International Series, 1455, Archaeopress, Oxford, 105–133.〕 from the sanctuary on Despotiko reading ΕΣΤΙΑΣ ΙΣΘΜΙΑΣ, (Hestias Isthmias, which essentially means "for Hestia of the Isthmus"), suggest that the relative sea-level in this area was at least 3m lower during the Early Bronze Age and still more than 1m lower during the Hellenistic time. This implies that an isthmus may have linked Despotiko, Koimitiri and Antiparos at least until the Hellenistic time.〔
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