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Dharampal ((ヒンディー語:धरमपाल)) (1922–2006), Gandhian thinker, from India. He authored ''The Beautiful Tree'' (1983), ''Indian Science and Technology in the Eighteenth Century'' (1971) and ''Civil Disobedience and Indian Tradition'' (1971), among other seminal works, which have led to a radical reappraisal of conventional views of the cultural, scientific and technological achievements of Indian society at the eve of the British conquest. Dharampal was born on 19 February 1922 in Kandhala, a small town in the Muzaffarnagar district of Uttar Pradesh, and died on 24 October 2006 at Sevagram (Mahatma Gandhi's ashram), near Wardha, Maharashtra, which had been his main abode since the early 1980s. He has been associated in various ways with the regeneration of India's diverse people and the restoration of their decentralised social, political and economic organisation manifested through their local communities.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A life sketch )〕 Involvement in the Freedom Movement Dharampal was inspired by Mahatma Gandhi throughout his life; he received his first glimpse of Gandhiji at the age of seven, when he accompanied his father to attend the 1929 Lahore Congress. In March 1931, when Sardar Bhagat Singh and his colleagues were sentenced to death and executed by the British colonial authorities, Dharampal recalls that many of his friends took to the streets of Lahore, shouting slogans in protest. Yet remaining critical of this rebellious assertion, and despite the influence of his semi-westernized education at school and college, he was drawn towards the movement led by Mahatma Gandhi: soon he started wearing khadi, a practice he followed all his life. Mahatma Gandhi’s call for Individual Satyagraha in October 1940 marked the beginning of his involvement in national politics and the subsequent abandonment of his BSc in Physics. In August 1942, he was present as a fervent spectator at the Quit India session of the Congress in Bombay, whereupon he joined the movement and was active as an under-ground member of the AICC group run by Sucheta Kriplani until his arrest in April 1943. After 2 months in police detention, he was released, but debarred from Delhi. A year later in August 1944, being interested in village community work, he was introduced to Mirabehn (the British born disciple of Mahatma Gandhi) and joined her soon after at the Kisan Ashram, situated midway between Roorkee and Haridwar. ==Engagement in national reconstruction, post 1947== At the time of Partition, he was put in charge of the Congress Socialist Party centre for the rehabilitation of refugees from West Pakistan, and came in close contact with Kamaladevi Chattopadhyaya and Ram Manohar Lohia, as well as with numerous younger friends, such as L.C. Jain, in Delhi. He was also a founding member of the Indian Cooperative Union set up in 1948. The following year he intended to visit Israel for the purpose of studying its rural and community reconstruction programmes, but due to the closure of the Suez Canal had to reschedule his route via England where he met and married Phyllis who was English. On their way back to India by land, they stayed in Israel to study the communitarian life-style in Degania Alif, the oldest kibbutz, set up by Russian Jews. In 1950, Dharampal resumed his work with Mirabehn, and the community village of Bapugram near Rishikesh began to be formed. However, disillusioned by the futility of this idealistic experiment in community development, which seemed to have no impact on the Nehruvian mainstream, he left the village in 1954 to join his wife and two small children in London where he spent three years, mostly working for Peace News, a journal published by the War Resisters International, focusing on peace issues and nonviolent social change. Dharampal returned to Delhi in late 1957 after a visit to several Buddhist and Hindu holy places in Sri Lanka and South India. From 1958 to 1964 he was elected General Secretary of the Association of Voluntary Agencies for Rural Development (AVARD), founded in 1958 by Kamaladevi Chattopadhyaya who, a year later, passed on the couch of President to Jayaprakash Narayan(known as JP), with whom Dharampal developed a very close relationship of mutual respect and appreciation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dr.Dharam Pal : The Forbidden Gandhian Thinker )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dharampal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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