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Dholka is a city and municipality in the Ahmedabad District of the Indian state of Gujarat. It is the headquarters for Dholka Taluka, and is 48 km by road via National Highway 8A southwest of the city of Ahmedabad. Dholka has an average elevation of . ==History== Large numbers of old buildings in the city suggest that it was important in ancient times while archaeologists have discovered small stone chert tools made of chalcedony, quartz and agate, which date to the Middle Stone and Iron Age. Dholka is supposed to stand on the site of Viratpur, or Matsyanagar, which in their wanderings the Pandavas (1400 B.C.) found governed by queen Sudishva of the Kaiyo or Bhil race. Her brother Kichak Kaiyo, a prince of great power, was, according to the story, slain for an attempt on the chastity of Draupadi. Here too in 144, Kanaksen a prince of the race of the sun, ''Suryavansh'', is said to have settled. At the close of the eleventh century the town was by Minaldevi, the mother of Siddharaj Jaisinh of Solanki dynasty, adorned with a lake still its chief ornament. In the 12th century, Muhammad al-Idrisi mentions Dholka as one of the chief trading towns in Gujarat. Vaghelas were vassals of the Solanki rulers of Gujarat. As the Solankis went into decline, so the Vaghelas rose in power becoming rulers of Gujarat from 1243 until the Muslim conquest in 1297. They restored stability to Gujarat for the latter half of the 13th century, while the Vaghela kings and their officials were dedicated patrons of the arts and temple-building. Early in the thirteenth century it would seem to have been called Dhavalgadh and to have been held by Vir Dhaval the founder of the Vaghela dynasty whose territories included the lands of Godhra and Lat. Under the Muslim kings and viceroys, though never a place of great consequence, Dholka is often mentioned as a town and fort,the quarters of a local governor, and its remains show that at one time it was adorned by many beautiful Muslim buildings. In the eighteenth century troubles, Dholka seems to have been taken by the Marathas in 1736; to have been recovered by the Viceroy in 1741; to have again fallen into the Gaikwad's hands in 1757; and to have remained with him till its cession to the British in 1804. It suffered much from the 1813 famine, and when surveyed in 1820-1822 showed few signs of returning prosperity. Dholka is home to one of the first Hindu Swaminarayan Temples in the world, which was established, according to the Hindu calendar, on the 5th day of the bright half of Vaishakha in Vikram Samvat 1883. There are many ancient mosques in the city including the Khan Masjid (a rare brick structure) along with the magnificent stone Khan Talao, Jumu'ah Masjid (Friday prayer mosque). Other well-known Muslim shrines include the Hazrat Shah shrine and Najmuddin Chisti's shrine in Lilajpur. The recently constructed Kalikund Parshwanath Jain Tirth is also located in Dholka. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dholka」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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