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Diegesis is a style of fiction storytelling that presents an interior view of a world in which: # details about the world itself and the experiences of its characters are revealed explicitly through narrative # the story is told or recounted, as opposed to shown or enacted.〔Gerald Prince, A Dictionary of Narratology, 2003, University of Nebraska Press, ISBN 0-8032-8776-3〕 In diegesis the narrator ''tells'' the story. The narrator presents the actions (and sometimes thoughts) of the characters to the readers or audience. == In contrast to mimesis == ''Diegesis'' (Greek διήγησις "narration") and ''mimesis'' (Greek μίμησις "imitation") have been contrasted since Plato's and Aristotle's times. ''Mimesis'' ''shows'' rather than ''tells'', by means of action that is enacted. ''Diegesis'' is the ''telling'' of the story by a narrator. The narrator may speak as a particular character or may be the ''invisible narrator'' or even the ''all-knowing narrator'' who speaks from "outside" in the form of commenting on the action or the characters. In Book III of his ''Republic'' (c. 373 BC), Plato examines the "style" of "poetry" (the term includes comedy, tragedy, epic and lyric poetry):〔An (etext of Plato's ''Republic'' ) is available from (Project Gutenberg ). The most relevant section is the following: "You are aware, I suppose, that all mythology and poetry is a narration of events, either past, present, or to come? / Certainly, he replied. / And narration may be either simple narration, or imitation, or a union of the two? / () / And this assimilation of himself to another, either by the use of voice or gesture, is the imitation of the person whose character he assumes? / Of course. / Then in this case the narrative of the poet may be said to proceed by way of imitation? / Very true. / Or, if the poet everywhere appears and never conceals himself, then again the imitation is dropped, and his poetry becomes simple narration."(Plato, Republic, Book III.)〕 All types narrate events, he argues, but by differing means. He distinguishes between narration or report (''diegesis'') and imitation or representation (''mimesis''). Tragedy and comedy, he goes on to explain, are wholly imitative types; the dithyramb is wholly narrative; and their combination is found in epic poetry. When reporting or narrating, "the poet is speaking in his own person; he never leads us to suppose that he is any one else"; when imitating, the poet produces an "assimilation of himself to another, either by the use of voice or gesture".〔Plato, (''Republic'' ), Book III.〕 In dramatic texts, the poet never speaks directly; in narrative texts, the poet speaks as him or herself.〔See also Pfister (1977, 2-3) and Elam: "classical narrative is always oriented towards an explicit ''there and then'', towards an imaginary "elsewhere" set in the past and which has to be evoked for the reader through predication and description. Dramatic worlds, on the other hand, are presented to the spectator as "hypothetically actual" constructs, since they are "seen" in progress "here and now" without narratorial mediation. () This is not merely a technical distinction but constitutes, rather, one of the cardinal principles of a poetics of the drama as opposed to one of narrative fiction. The distinction is, indeed, implicit in Aristotle's differentiation of representational modes, namely ''diegesis'' (narrative description) versus ''mimesis'' (direct imitation)" (1980, 110-111).〕 In his ''Poetics'', the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle argues that kinds of "poetry" (the term includes drama, flute music, and lyre music for Aristotle) may be differentiated in three ways: according to their ''medium'', according to their ''objects'', and according to their ''mode'' or "manner" (section I); "For the medium being the same, and the objects the same, the poet may imitate by narration — in which case he can either take another personality as Homer does, or speak in his own person, unchanged — or he may present all his characters as living and moving before us" (section III). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Diegesis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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