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Dinohippus
''Dinohippus'' (Greek: ''Terrible horse''), is an extinct herbivorous mammal belonging to the tribe ''Equini'', subfamily ''Equinae'', which was endemic to North America from the late Hemphillian stage of the Miocene through the Zanclean stage of the Pliocene (10.3—3.6 mya) and in existence for approximately .〔(Paleobiology Database: ''Dinohippus'' basic info. )〕〔Bruce J. MacFadden: Cenozoic Mammalian Herbivores from the Americas: Reconstructing Ancient Diets and Terrestrial Communities. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, Vol. 31, (2000), pp. 33-59〕
==Taxonomy==
''Dinohippus'' was named by Quinn in 1955〔J. H. Quinn. 1955. Miocene Equidae of the Texas gulf coastal plain. University of Texas, Bureau of Economic Geology〕 and assigned to ''Equidae'' by Quinn that same year, by B. J. MacFadden (1986)〔B. J. MacFadden. 1986. Late Hemphillian monodactyl horses (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Bone Valley Formation of Central Florida. Journal of Paleontology〕 and R. L. Carroll (1988);〔R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York 1-698〕 and to ''Equini'' by MacFadden.
It was the most common horse in North America and like ''Equus'', ''Dinohippus'' did not have a dished face. It has a distinctive passive "stay apparatus," formed by bones and tendons, to help it conserve energy while standing for long periods. ''Dinohippus'' is the first horse to show a rudimentary form of this character, providing additional evidence of the close relationship between ''Dinohippus'' and ''Equus''.〔(Florida Museum of Natural History )〕 ''Dinohippus'' was originally thought to be a monodactyl horse, but a 1981 fossil find in Nebraska shows that some were tridactyl.〔(Horse Ecology )〕
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