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Diseae
Diseae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Orchidoideae.〔. (See ''External links'' below).〕 It was recognized in ''Genera Orchidacearum'' volume 2, which was published in 2001. It consisted of 12 genera in five subtribes. In molecular phylogenetic studies that were published after 2001, it was shown that Diseae is paraphyletic over the tribe Orchideae. In a classification of orchids that was published in 2015, Diseae was not recognized, but was instead placed in synonymy under Orchideae.〔Mark W. Chase, Kenneth M. Cameron, John V. Freudenstein, Alec M. Pridgeon, Gerardo A. Salazar, Cássio van den Berg, and André Schuiteman. 2015. "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' 177(2):151-174. (See ''External links'' below).〕
In 2007, a molecular phylogenetic study showed that the large genus ''Disa'' (~182 specis) is paraphyletic over the small genus ''Schizodium''.〔Benny Bytebier, Dirk U. Bellstedt, and Hans Peter Linder. 2007. "A molecular phylogeny for the large African orchid genus ''Disa''". ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 43(1):75-90. 〕〔Benny Bytebier, Dirk U. Bellstedt, and Hans Peter Linder. 2008. "A New Phylogeny-Based Sectional Classification for the Large African Orchid Genus ''Disa''". ''Taxon'' 57(4):1233-1251. 19 pages.〕 Accordingly, in the 2015 classification, the genus ''Schizodium'' was sunk into ''Disa''. Also, the subtribe Huttonaeinae was sunk into Disinae, and the subtribe Satyriinae was sunk into Orchidinae. The expanded tribe Orchideae consisted of the subtribes Brownleeinae, Disinae, Coryciinae, and Orchidinae. ''Disperis'' was transferred from Coryciinae to Brownleeinae and ''Pachites'' was transferred from Satyriinae to Disinae. The placement of ''Pachites'' and ''Huttonaea'' in Disinae was done with considerable doubt. Four genera were recognized in the subtribe Coryciinae (''Evotella'', ''Ceratandra'', ''Corycium'' and ''Pterygodium''), even tho it was known that ''Corycium'' and ''Pterygodium'' are polyphyletic, with all but one species of ''Corycium'' composing a clade that is deeply embedded within ''Pterygodium''.〔Richard J. Waterman, Anton Pauw, Timothy G. Barraclough, and Vincent Savolainen. 2009. "Pollinators underestimated: A molecular phylogeny reveals widespread floral convergence in oil-secreting orchids (sub-tribe Coryciinae) of the Cape of South Africa". ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 51(1):100-110. .〕
The genera of Diseae have most or all of their species in southern Africa and Madagascar. Diseae accounts for more than half of the orchids of southern Africa and has about 400 species.〔 ''Disperis'' has a few species in tropical Africa and Asia, including Malesia. ''Disa'' extends to the Arabian peninsula and the Mascarene islands. ''Pterygodium'' has one species in Tanzania. ''Satyrium'' is mostly African, but extends through South Asia to China.〔Hans Peter Linder and Hubert Kurzweil. 1999. ''Orchids of Southern Africa''. 504 pages. A. A. Balkema. ISBN 978-90-5410-445-2.〕
== References ==
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Diseae」の詳細全文を読む
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