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Discobolus
The ''Discobolus'' of Myron ("discus thrower", (ギリシア語:Δισκοβόλος), ''Diskobólos'') is a Greek sculpture that was completed towards the end of the Severe period, circa 460–450 BC. The original Greek bronze is lost but the work is known through numerous Roman copies, both full-scale ones in marble, which was cheaper than bronze,〔Woodford, Susan. (1982) ''The Art of Greece and Rome''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 16. ISBN 0521298733〕 such as the first to be recovered, the ''Palombara Discobolus'', and smaller scaled versions in bronze.
A discus thrower is depicted about to release his throw: "by sheer intelligence", Kenneth Clark observed in ''The Nude'', "Myron has created the enduring pattern of athletic energy. He has taken a moment of action so transitory that students of athletics still debate if it is feasible, and he has given it the completeness of a cameo."〔Clark, Kenneth. (2010) ''The Nude: A study in ideal form''. New edition. London: The Folio Society, pp. 134–135.〕 The moment thus captured in the statue is an example of ''rhythmos'', harmony and balance. Myron is often credited with being the first sculptor to master this style. Naturally, as always in Greek athletics, the ''Discobolus'' is completely nude. His pose is said to be unnatural to a human, and today considered a rather inefficient way to throw the discus.〔An explanation for his inefficient discus throwing could be that the ancient Olympic sportsmen had a set rotation of three quarters before the discus was thrown. This rotation could well have been a deliberate handicap to make the sport more difficult.〕 Also there is very little emotion shown in the discus thrower's face, and "to a modern eye, it may seem that Myron's desire for perfection has made him suppress too rigorously the sense of strain in the individual muscles,"〔 Clark observes. The other trademark of Myron embodied in this sculpture is how well the body is proportioned, the ''symmetria''.
The potential energy expressed in this sculpture's tightly wound pose, expressing the moment of stasis just before the release, is an example of the advancement of Classical sculpture from Archaic. The torso shows no muscular strain, however, even though the limbs are outflung.
== Reputation in Antiquity ==
Myron's ''Discobolus'' was long known from descriptions, such as the dialogue in Lucian of Samosata's work ''Philopseudes'':
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