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The Dnieper River is one of the major rivers of Europe (fourth by length), rising near Smolensk, Russia and flowing through Russia, Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea. It is the longest river of Ukraine and Belarus and the fourth longest river in Europe. The total length ranges between and 〔Zastavnyi, F.D. ''(Physical Geography of Ukraine. Rivers of Ukraine. Dnieper )''. Kiev: "Forum", 2000〕〔Masliak, P., Shyshchenko, P. Geography of Ukraine. Kiev: "Zodiak-eko", 1998〕〔(Website about Dnieper )〕〔Mishyna, Liliana. ''(Hydrographic research of Dnieper river )''. Derzhhidrohrafiya.〕 with a drainage basin of . The river is noted for its dams and hydroelectric stations. The Dnieper is an important navigable waterway for the economy of Ukraine and is connected via the Dnieper–Bug Canal to other waterways in Europe. In antiquity, the river was known to the Greeks as the Borysthenes and was part of the Amber Road. Arheimar, a capital of the Goths, was located on the Dnieper, according to the Hervarar saga. ==Etymology== The name ''Dnieper'' is derived from Sarmatian "the river on the far side".〔Mallory, J.P. and Victor H. Mair. ''The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West''. London: Thames and Hudson, 2000. p. 106〕 (By contrast, the Dniester derives from "the close river".) According to V. Abaev (expert on Scytho-Sarmatian languages) the name Dnieper derives from Scythian (Dānapr) "deep river", while the name Dniester is combination of Scythian ''Dānu'' (river) and Thracian ''Ister'', the old name of Dniester.〔(Абаев В. И. Осетинский язык и фольклор (Ossetian language and folklore). Moscow: Publishing house of Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1949. p. 236 )〕 In the three countries through which it flows it has essentially the same name, albeit pronounced differently: * (ロシア語:Днепр) (, (:dʲnʲɛpr)); * (ベラルーシ語:Дняпро) (, (:dnʲaˈpro)); * (ウクライナ語:Днiпро) (, (:dnʲiˈpro)). The river is mentioned by the Ancient Greek historian Herodotus in the 5th century BC as (), as well as by Strabo; this name is Scythian (cf. Iranian *) and translates as "wide land", referring most likely to the Ukrainian steppe. The late Greek and Roman authors called it - and ラテン語:''Danaper'' respectively - (''dana'' in Old Persian meant "river"); this form is derived from Sarmatian "the river on the far side".〔 Its Old East Slavic name used at the time of Kievan Rus' was or , the Huns called it ''Var'',〔Jordanes, ''Getica'' 269.〕 and Bulgars - ''Buri-Chai''. The name in .〔:crh:Özü özeni〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dnieper」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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