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〕 }} The Dniester River, or Dnister River ( ;〔Merriam-Webster Dictionary: ("Dniester" )〕 (ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Nistru), (ウクライナ語:Дністе́р) translit. ''Dnister'', (ポーランド語:Dniestr), (ロシア語:Днестр), (トルコ語:Turla)) is a river in Eastern Europe. It runs first through Ukraine and then through Moldova (from which it separates the breakaway territory of Transnistria), finally discharging into the Black Sea on Ukrainian territory again. ==Names== The name ''Dniester'' derives from Sarmatian ''dānu nazdya'' "the close river."〔Mallory, J.P. and Victor H. Mair. ''The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West''. London: Thames & Hudson, 2000. p. 106〕 The Dnieper, also of Sarmatian origin, derives from the opposite meaning, "the river on the far side". Alternatively, according to V. Abaev ''Dniester'' would be a blend of Scythian ''dānu'' "river" and Thracian ''Ister'', the previous name of the river, literally Dān-Ister (River Ister).〔(Абаев В. И. Осетинский язык и фольклор (Ossetian language and folklore). Moscow: Publishing house of Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1949. P. 236 )〕 The Ancient Greek name of Dniester, ''Tyras'' (''Τύρας''), is from Scythian ''tūra'', meaning "rapid." The names of the Don and Danube are also from the same Proto Indo-European word '' *dānu'' - river. In Russian, it is known as Днестр, translit. ''Dnestr'', in Yiddish: ''Nester'' נעסטער; in Turkish, ''Turla'' and during antiquity, it was called ''Tyras'' in Latin and ''Danastris'' in Greek. Classical authors have also referred to it as ''Danaster.'' These early forms, without -''i''- but with -''a''-, contradict Abaev's hypothesis. Edward Gibbon refers to the river both as the Niester and Dniester in his ''History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire''.〔Edward Gibbons Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Vol 1 chapt 11〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dniester」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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