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The doubloon (from Spanish ''doblón'', meaning "double") was a two-''escudo'' or 32-''real'' gold coin;〔http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/doubloon〕 weighing 6.867 grams (0.218 troy ounces) in 1537, and 6.766 grams from 1728, of .92 fine gold (22-carat gold).〔(Jordan, Louis. "Spanish Gold", ''The Coins of Colonial and Early America'', Department of Special Collections, Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame )〕 Doubloons were minted in Spain, Mexico, Peru, and Nueva Granada. The term was first used to describe the golden ''excelente'' either because of its value of two ''ducats'' or because of the double portrait of Ferdinand and Isabella. In the New World Spanish gold coins were minted in one, two, four, and eight escudo denominations. The two escudo piece was called a "pistole,"; the large eight escudo coin was called a "quadruple pistole" or, at first, a double doubloon. English colonists would come to call it the Spanish doubloon.〔 After the War of 1812, doubloons were valued in Nova Scotia at the rate of £4 and became the dominant coin there.〔(McCullough, Alan Bruce. ''Money and Exchange in Canada to 1900'', Dundurn, 1984, ISBN 9780919670860 )〕 Doubloons marked "2 S" are equivalent to four dollars in US gold coins and were traded in that manner. Small 1/2-escudo coins (similar to a US $1 gold piece) have no value marked on them but were worth a Spanish milled dollar in trade. In Spain, doubloons were current up to the middle of the 19th century. Isabella II of Spain replaced an ''escudo''-based coinage with decimal ''reales'' in 1859, and replaced the 6.77-gram ''doblón'' with a new heavier ''doblón'' worth 100 ''reales'' and weighing 8.3771 grams (0.268 troy ounces). The last Spanish doubloons (showing the denomination as 80 ''reales'') were minted in 1849. After their independence, the former Spanish colonies of Mexico, Peru and Nueva Granada continued to mint doubloons. Doubloons have also been minted in Portuguese colonies, where they went by the name ''dobrão'', with the same meaning. In Europe, the doubloon became the model for several other gold coins, including the French ''Louis d'or'', the Italian ''doppia'', the Swiss ''duplone'', the Northern German ''pistole'', and the Prussian ''Friedrich d'or''. ==See also== * Spanish dollar, also known as a piece of eight * Brasher Doubloon 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Doubloon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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