|
Drupal 〔A query on Drupal's official website on March 2009: (How does one pronounce "Drupal"? ) (accessed 19 June 2013)〕 is a free and open-source content-management framework written in PHP and distributed under the GNU General Public License. It is used as a back-end framework for at least 2.1% of all Web sites worldwide ranging from personal blogs to corporate, political, and government sites. It is also used for knowledge management and business collaboration. The standard release of Drupal, known as Drupal core, contains basic features common to content management systems. These include user account registration and maintenance, menu management, RSS feeds, taxonomy, page layout customization, and system administration. The Drupal core installation can serve as a simple Web site, a single- or multi-user blog, an Internet forum, or a community Web site providing for user-generated content. , the Drupal community has provided more than 31,000 contributed modules. Such modules alter and extend the core capabilities, behavior, and appearance of a Drupal site. The Drupal community comprises more than one million members〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=1 Million Users on Drupal.org! )〕 () and 31,000 Developers〔 https://drupal.org/node/2133153 〕 (). "The Drupal Overview", a feature of the project web site, describes it as a content management framework.〔 Drupal also describes itself 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Drupal 7 as an enterprise web application framework )〕 as a Web application framework, as it meets the generally accepted feature requirements for such frameworks. Although Drupal offers a sophisticated application programming interface for developers, basic Web site installation and administration of the framework require no programming skills.〔 Drupal runs on any computing platform that supports both a Web server capable of running PHP and a database to store content and configuration. ==History== Originally written by Dries Buytaert as a message board, Drupal became an open source project in 2001. The name ''Drupal'' represents an English rendering of the Dutch word "druppel", which means "drop" (as in "a water droplet"). The name came from the now-defunct Drop.org Web site, whose code slowly evolved into Drupal. Buytaert wanted to call the site "dorp" (Dutch for "village") for its community aspects, but mistyped it when checking the domain name and thought the error sounded better.〔 Interest in Drupal got a significant boost in 2003 when it helped build "DeanSpace" for Howard Dean, one of the candidates in the U.S. Democratic Party's primary campaign for the 2004 U.S. presidential election. DeanSpace used open-source sharing of Drupal to support a decentralized network of approximately 50 disparate, unofficial pro-Dean websites that allowed users to communicate directly with one another as well as with the campaign. After Dean ended his campaign, members of his Web team continued to pursue their interest in developing a Web platform that could aid political activism by launching CivicSpace Labs in July 2004, "the first company with full-time employees that was developing and distributing Drupal technology". Other companies began to also specialize in Drupal development.〔Samantha M. Shapiro, ("The Dean Connection" ), ''The New York Times'' December 7, 2003, accessed May 27, 2012.〕 By 2013 the Drupal Web site listed hundreds of vendors that offered Drupal-related services. Drupal is developed by a community, and its popularity is growing rapidly. From July 2007 to June 2008 the Drupal.org site provided more than 1.4 million downloads of Drupal software, an increase of approximately 125% from the previous year. more than 1,015,000 sites used Drupal. These include hundreds of well-known organizations, including corporations, media and publishing companies, governments, non-profits, schools, and individuals. Drupal has won several Packt Open Source CMS Awards and won the Webware 100 three times in a row. On March 5, 2009 Buytaert announced a code freeze for Drupal 7 for September 1, 2009. Drupal 7 was released on January 5, 2011, with release parties in several countries. After that, maintenance on Drupal 5 stopped, with only Drupal 7 and Drupal 6 maintained. Drupal 7 series maintenance updates are released regularly. On January 15, 2015 a Drupal fork called Backdrop was released.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://backdropcms.org/roadmap )〕 On December 1, 2012, Drupal 8 started its feature completion.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.eyerys.com/articles/news/drupal-8-marking-its-biggest-change-content-management-history )〕 About three years later, on October 7, 2015 Drupal 8 first release candidate (rc1) was announced.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Drupal 8.0.0-rc1 announcement )〕 Drupal 8 includes new features and improvements for both users and developers, including: a revamped user interface; WYSIWYG and in-place editing; improved mobile support; added and improved key contributed modules including Views, Date, and Entity Reference; introduced a new object-oriented backend leveraging Symfony components; revamped configuration management; and improved multilingual support. Drupal 8 rc1 is the collective work of over 3,200 core contributors.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Drupal 8.0.0-rc1 announcement )〕 Drupal 8.0.0 was released on November 19, 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.drupal.org/news/drupal-8.0.0-released )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Drupal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|