|
Dubmill is a settlement in the civil parish of Holme St. Cuthbert in Cumbria, United Kingdom. It is located approximately one mile south-west of the village of Mawbray, half-a-mile to the west of the hamlet of Salta, three-quarters of a mile south-west of the hamlet of Hailforth, and one-and-a-half miles north of the village of Allonby. Carlisle, Cumbria's county town, lies approximately twenty-eight miles to the north-east. The B5300, known locally as the coast road, runs through Dubmill.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.google.co.uk/maps/@54.7959555,-3.441544,14.25z )〕 Dubmill lends its name to both Dubmill Point and Dubmill Scar. Dubmill Point is the name for the headland at the northernmost tip of Allonby Bay, and Dubmill Scar is the name for the rocky beach off Dubmill Point.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/102765 )〕 ==History and etymology== The name of Dubmill comes from the Old English ''dub-myln'' meaning "a mill at the pool". Historical variant spellings include Dubmil, Dubmilne, Dubhime, Dub-horn, and Dubbmill. A beck called the Black Dub runs near to Dubmill, and may be related to the name. The area around Dubmill has been settled since before the Roman occupation, as a Bronze Age sword believed to date back to 1100BC was discovered on nearby Salta Moss.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/hstchg/celts.htm )〕 Dubmill, and the surrounding coastline from Carlisle as far south-west as Maryport, was fortified by the Romans. A series of milefortlets were placed along the coast beyond the western end of Hadrian's Wall to guard against coastal raids from across the Solway Firth. Milefortlet 17 was located at Dubmill, and would have been constructed from turf and timber. Its location has been discovered, though all that remains is a slight depression in the ground where one of the fort's ditches would have been.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=9075 )〕 A mill was present at Dubmill in the medieval period, and during the reign of Henry VIII in 1538 it was valued at £5.18s. Farmers from as far afield as Wolsty, four miles to the north-west, would have had to trek to Dubmill to grind their crops. They were also bound to assist in repairs to the mill and its associated dam as required by the miller. This continued through to at least the 17th century, and probably the 18th century before improvements in milling brought on by the industrial revolution would have rendered the mill at Dubmill obsolete. In its day, the mill would have been a substantial tower built from local sandstone, sturdy enough to withstand the force of the sea, which to this day sometimes crashes over Dubmill during a severe storm.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/36034969@N08/11805891644/in/album-72157624054878464/ )〕 Dubmill is located on a stretch of coastline which was subject to raids across the Solway by the Scots even as late as the Tudor period. In 1592, a man named William Osmotherly, who lived at Dumbill, had his home broken in to and was kidnapped for ransom by Scottish raiders. His losses were estimated at £200.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/n-westmorland-records/vol7/pp167-176#anchorn3 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dubmill」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|