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Duckanoo
Duckunoo or duckanoo, also referred to as tie-a-leaf and blue drawers (draws), is a dessert in Jamaica, Antigua, Barbados, and some other Lesser Antilles. It is a variation on the dish ducana which originated in Africa. The Caribbean cuisine dessert is made from batata, cornmeal (optional), coconut, spices and brown sugar, all tied up in a banana leaf. It is cooked in boiling water.〔GER: 1984 “Benna - An Elegy”. IN Antigua Carnival - Calypso Talk ‘84.〕〔Breton, Father Raymond: 1665. Dictionnaire, Caraibe-Francois. Gilles Bouquet, Auxerre, France. Chambers, Mr. Walter: 1995. Personal communication.〕〔Chapman, N. & D.: 1980 Distribution of Fallow Deer. Mammal Review, June 1980.〕〔Fuller, Eckert & Richardson: 1992. Sea Turtle Recovery Action Plan for Antigua & Barbuda, WIDECAST CEP Technical Report No. 16.〕〔Hanif, Mahamad: n.d. Sea Turtles of the Caribbean., Brochure of the Virgin Islands Conservation Society, Inc.〕〔Jane, Charles: 1982. Antigua Black - A Pineapple of the Gods. Museum Library, ref: P-10.〕〔Little & Wadsworth: 1964. The Common Trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, US Department of Agriculture, Puerto Rico.〕〔Luffman, John: 1788. A Brief Account of Antigua ... In Oliver’s History, 1898.〕〔Martin, F.W. & Rubert, Ruth M.: 1979. Edible Leaves of the Tropics, US Dept. of Agriculture, Puerto Rico.〕
〔Margetson, Robert J.: n.d. Music (Calypso). Cultural Department, Ministry of Education & Culture, Antigua.〕〔McDaniel, Lorna: 1992. Antigua & Barbuda: History of Music. Published privately.〕〔Olsen, Dr. Fred: 1972. A Lush Forest Grew on Antigua 30 million years ago! Mill Reef Digger’s Digest #8:14 March 1972.〕〔Protheroe, E.: n.d. New Illustrated Natural History of the World.〕〔Garden City Publishing, New York.〕〔Record & Hess: 1972. Timbers of the New World. Arno Press, NY.〕〔Samuel, Mr. Reginald: 1995. Personal communication.〕〔Smith & Smith: 1986. To Shoot Hard Labour〕〔Tonge, Gwen: n.d. Recipes of Antigua in the West Indies〕〔Webster’s Dictionary.〕
Duckanoo is a relatively new name for some that was added to the name "tie a leaf". However, the names vary depending on location in various islands. "Ducana" is the Antiguan/Barbudan as well as some of the smaller Caribbean islands name of this dumpling or dessert.
==History==
African people who were brought to Antigua and Barbuda as well as other Caribbean Islands in the slave trade such Eddo, ochra, dasheen, eggplant, bonavista bean.〔Harris: 115.〕 In Ghana, ducana is dokono and in the Twi language, Odokono.
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