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Brzeg Dolny
Brzeg Dolny (until 1945 (ドイツ語:Dyhernfurth)) is a town in Wołów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship in south-western Poland. It is located north-west of Wrocław on the Oder River, and is the site of a large chemical plant complex, PCC Rokita SA. As of 2006, the town's population was 12,786.
==History==
Brzeg Dolny was first mentioned in a 1353 deed as a part of the Duchy of Wrocław (German: Breslau), then within the Lands of the Bohemian Crown. In 1660, it was bought by the German chancellor Baron George Abraham von Dyhrn (1620–1671) of the Dyhrn family. In 1663, it officially received the name ''Dyhernfurth'', after the Dyhrn family, and was granted town privileges by Emperor Leopold I of Habsburg. The baron made efforts to expand the new town, opening a Catholic school for boys and building a chapel under the patronage of St. Hedwig. The year 1668 saw the establishment of a printing house and the construction of a wooden pipe to draw water directly from the river into town. In 1742, after the First Silesian War, the duchy became part of Prussia and remained in Prusso-German possession until 1945.
As early as the 17th century, the Dyhrns had built a palace for their residence, which stayed in their possession until the early 1780s, when Count Wilhelm von Dyhrn (1749–1813) sold it to the minister of Silesia Karl Georg von Hoym (1739-1807), who had married Baroness Antoinette Louise von Dyhrn und Schönau (1745–1820). The new owners subsequently modernized the Baroque palace and the adjoining park according to the plans of Carl Gotthard Langhans. Langhans also directed the construction of a large neo-classical pavilion perpendicular to the central structure, which became known as the “Little Palace.” Following these changes, the grand complex remained much the same until 1849, when it passed into the hands of Tony von Lazareff. She had it refashioned to resemble a Renaissance château overlooking the Loire. The river bank garden was also given Renaissance character.
In 1860, the first sisters of Charity of St. Charles Borromeo came to Dyhernfurth. In close proximity to the Chapel of St. Hedwig, the nuns established a small convent and a hospital, which would eventually expand into the town hospital of present day.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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