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Dyrehavsbakken ("The Deer Park's Hill"), commonly referred to as Bakken ("The Hill"), is an amusement park near Klampenborg (Gentofte municipality), but which belongs under Lyngby-Taarbæk Kommune, Denmark, about 10 km north of Copenhagen. It opened in 1583 and is the world's oldest operating amusement park. With 2.5-2.7 million visitors per year, it is the second most popular attraction in Denmark, after the more widely known Tivoli Gardens amusement park. ==History== The origins of Dyrehavsbakken can be traced back to 1583 when Kirsten Piil discovered a natural spring in what is now known as Jægersborg Dyrehave or Dyrehaven, a large forest park north of Copenhagen.〔 Residents of Copenhagen were attracted to the spring due to the poor water quality in central Copenhagen during this period. Many believed the natural spring water to have curative properties, and therefore Piil's discovery drew large crowds, especially in the springtime.〔 These large crowds attracted entertainers and hawkers, whose presence began the origins of amusement parks as are presently known. For a period of the area that the spring was located was not open to the public due to it being on royal hunting grounds.〔 In 1669, King Frederick III decided to set up an animal park in the area and his son, Christian V, extended the size of the park by 3-4 times after he became king in 1670. The area was named Jægersborg Dyrehave, its present name, in 1671. The park was off-limits to the general public under Christian V and this did not change until 1756, under Frederick V. Open to the general public once again, Dyrehavsbakken began to flourish. The entertainers, hawkers, and innkeepers returned to the area, and Bakken's growing reputation throughout Europe attracted other entertainers and artists, including Pjerrot, the clown that is still a fixture at the park today.〔 Bakken continued to grow even throughout the Napoleonic Wars. Its popularity was later aided by easier accessibility due to the development of steamships (1820) and railroads (1864), as well as good publicity from poets and authors.〔 As the popularity of Bakken grew, its conditions worsened. As a result, some of the business owners, or "tent owners" as they are still called today, created the Dyrehavsbakken Tent Owners’ Association of 1885.〔 The association improved garbage collection, restroom facilities, water supply, publicity, and helped bring electricity to the park. The association is still around today, and all businesses operating in the park are required to join. The entertainment options also improved over time. Cabarets such as Sansouci, which opened in 1866, and Bakkens Hvile, which opened in 1877, became increasingly popular.〔 The 20th century brought other popular ventures, such as the Circus Revue and moving rides.〔 Over time, more modern rides and entertainment options have been introduced. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dyrehavsbakken」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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