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EIF4G
(eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma) is a protein involved in bringing mRNA to the ribosome for translation initiation, in general based on mRNA's distinctive guanosine cap. Species versions of eIF4G have been studied in everything from humans, to yeast, to wheat. However, eIF4G is exclusively found in domain Eukarya, not in domains Bacteria or Archaea (these do not have capped mRNA). As such be aware that when eIF4G is spoken of in this article, the statements will apply to many variants but may not hold for all, and when comparing among species comparisons are relative to human eIF4G 1.
In all species, eIF4G strongly associates with the protein that directly binds the mRNA cap: eIF4E. These two together are known as the complex eIF4F (in general, also in association with the mRNA unwinding protein eIF4A).
Within the cell eIF4G is found primarily in the cytoplasm, usually bound to eIF4E; however, it is also found in the nucleus where its function is unknown. Though in the nucleus it has been found to associate with the splicing complex, it does not appear to be involved directly in RNA splicing. It also appears to have a role in nonsense-mediated decay.
==History==
eIF4G stands for eukaryotic initiation factor 4 gamma (typically gamma is now replaced by G in the literature). Named so because it was initially isolated by fractionation (collecting small portions of fluid that had been separated on a column), it happened to be contained in fraction 4 gamma, and was involved in eukaryotic translation initiation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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