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In computer science, Electronic Product Code Information Services (EPCIS) is a global GS1 Standard for creating and sharing visibility event data, both within and across enterprises, to enable users to gain a shared view of physical or digital objects within a relevant business context.〔EPCIS 1.1, p. 6〕 "Objects" in the context of EPCIS typically refers to physical objects that are handled in physical steps of an overall business process involving one or more organizations. Examples of such physical objects include trade items (products), logistic units, returnable assets, fixed assets, physical documents, etc. “Objects” may also refer to digital objects which participate in comparable business process steps. Examples of such digital objects include digital trade items (music downloads, electronic books, etc.), digital documents (electronic coupons, etc.), and so forth. The EPCIS standard was originally conceived as part of a broader effort to enhance collaboration between trading partners by sharing of detailed information about physical or digital objects. The name EPCIS reflects the origins of this effort in the development of the Electronic Product Code (EPC). However, EPCIS does not require the use of Electronic Product Codes, nor of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) data carriers, and as of EPCIS 1.1 does not even require instance-level identification (for which the Electronic Product Code was originally designed). The EPCIS standard applies to all situations in which visibility event data is to be captured and shared, and the presence of “EPC” within the name is of historical significance only.〔 EPCIS 1.0 was first ratified by EPCglobal〔EPCglobal was formed as a joint venture of the Uniform Code Council (UCC) and the European Article Numbering association (EAN) in 2003. When UCC and EAN merged to form GS1 in 2005, the activities of EPCglobal were merged into GS1. Today, all EPCglobal standards are published as GS1 standards, and the EPCglobal name has only historical and marketing significance.〕 in April, 2007.〔Roberti, Mark, "(The EPCIS Standard in Perspective )," RFID Journal, April 2007.〕 At the time of ratification, over 30 companies had used the draft EPCIS standard to exchange data and collaborate with trading partners〔Meranda, Mark, "(The Ratification of EPCIS )," RFID Journal, April 2007.〕 As of 2014, 24 commercial products had received certificates of compliance to the EPCIS standard from GS1.〔GS1, (EPCglobal Software Certification Program ), retrieved 26 October 2014.〕 EPCIS 1.1 was ratified by GS1 in May, 2014.〔Beth Bacheldor, (RFID News Roundup ), RFID Journal, 29 May 2014.〕 ==History== In 2001, the MIT Auto-ID Center published a paper proposing the Physical Markup Language (PML), intended as "a common 'language' for describing physical objects, processes and environments".〔Brock, D. L., "(The Physical Markup Language: A Universal Language for Physical Objects )," MIT Auto-ID Center Whitepaper MIT-AUTOID-WH-003, February, 2001.〕 PML was one of four components of an "intelligent infrastructure" envisioned by the Auto-ID Center, the other three components being RFID tags, the Electronic Product Code, and the Object Naming Service. As the work of the MIT Auto-ID Center was taken up by EPCglobal in 2004, the PML concept was renamed Electronic Product Code Information Services (EPCIS), and efforts began to create a global standard. In 2005, the first version of the EPCglobal Architecture Framework was published, which introduced EPCIS as a standard under development and showed how it related to other components of an envisioned architecture for RFID-based tracking of physical objects within supply chains.〔Traub, K., et al, (The EPCglobal Architecture Framework ), July, 2005.〕 EPCIS 1.0 was first ratified by EPCglobal in April, 2007.〔 A companion standard, the EPC Core Business Vocabulary 1.0, was ratified by EPCglobal in October, 2010.〔EPCglobal, "(Core Business Vocabulary Standard )," EPCglobal Standard, October, 2010.〕 Despite the RFID-oriented origins of EPCIS, it came to be used in applications that used bar codes exclusively or bar codes in combination with RFID tags.〔GS1, "(RFID Bar Code Interoperability )," GS1 Guideline, August, 2012.〕 EPCIS 1.1 and CBV 1.1 were ratified by GS1 in May, 2014.〔 New features in EPCIS 1.1 include support for class-level identification (needed especially in bar code applications), a new event type to describe processes where inputs are transformed into outputs, and additional event data to describe business transfers and instance- or lot-level master data.〔EPCIS 1.1, p. 3〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「EPCIS」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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