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Quinnipiac
The Quinnipiac—rarely spelled ''Quinnipiack''—is the English name for the Eansketambawg (meaning “original people”; ''c.f.'', Ojibwe: ''Anishinaabeg'' and Blackfoot: ''Niitsítapi''), a Native American nation of the Algonquian family who inhabited the ''Wampanoki'' (''i.e.'', “Dawnland”; ''c.f.'', Ojibwe: ''Waabanaki'', Abenaki: ''Wabanakiyik'') region, including present-day Connecticut.
== Introduction ==
The Quinnipiac (occasionally misspelled ''Quinnipiack'') people—also known as Quiripi and Renapi—are speakers of the r-dialect of the Algonquian language family. (The Algonquian Language Phyla was the largest in North America and covered about one-third of the continent above Mexico.) The Quinnipiac/Quiripi/Renapi people are considered to be the first of the indigenous peoples to be placed on a reservation (by the English in 1638),〔Richard Carlson, “The Quinnipiac Reservation,” ''Rooted Like the Ash Trees'', Eagle Wing Press, 1987.〕 under the first of several treaties which resulted in additional reservations at Branford, Madison, Derby, and Farmington.〔Iron Thunderhorse, “The ‘Other’ Quinnipiac Reservations”, ''Branford Review'', April 26, 2003.〕 J.H. Trumbull was the first to recognize that the New Haven band of the Quiripi was only one band or sub-sachemship and not the entire tribal nation.〔J.H. Trumbull, ''Indian Names of Places, In and On the Borders of Connecticut'', Hartford, CT 1881 (reprinted 1974 by Archon Books, the Shoestring Press, Inc., Hamden. Also see Trumbull’s ''Introduction to 1658 Pierson Catechism'', in 1895 CHS Collections.〕 Linguist Blair Rudes found that the Eastern Algonquian r-dialect group's “territory extended “… up to the Hudson in the west, including a portion of land in present-day New York state…. Furthermore… the same people occupied a portion of … western Long Island ….” 〔Blair Rudes, “Resurrecting Wampano (Quiripi) from the Dead, Phonological Preliminaries,” ''Anthropological Linguistics'', Vol. 39. No. 1, Spring 1997〕 Since 1997, more extensive research, based on linguistics and early historical records, has extended the boundaries of the 1500-1600 AD Quiripi/Renapi/Quinnipiac confederacies to include all of what is now Connecticut, eastern New York, northern New Jersey, and half of Long Island (prior to the immigration of the Pequot/Mohegan peoples into eastern CT).〔John Menta, “Shaumpishuh, ‘Squaw Sachem’ of the Quinnipiac Indians” in ''ARTIFACTS'', Vol. 16, No. 3-4:32-27, 1988 and Iron Thunderhorse, “Setting the Record Straight: A Linguistic-Ethnographic Study of the True Identity of the Quinnipiac/Quiripi/Renapi Nation Structure.” 2007 ()〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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