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Earl Caldwell (born c. 1935) is an American journalist. He documented the Black Panthers from the inside in the 1970s, and became embroiled in a key U.S. Supreme Court decision clarifying reporters' rights. The case started when the FBI tried to press Caldwell to be an informant against the Black Panther Party. He worked for ''The New York Times'', ''New York Daily News'', ''The New York Amsterdam News'' and is currently on the radio in New York. His career as a journalist spans more than four decades. He witnessed and chronicled some of the most important civil rights events from the 1960s onwards and was the only reporter present when Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated. Caldwell is a founding member of the steering committee of the Maynard Institute for Journalism Education, as well as the Washington-based Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press. In 2009 he was inducted into the National Association of Black Journalists Hall of Fame. ==Biography== Caldwell started his career at ''The Progress'' in Clearfield,Pa.,〔(Earl Caldwell biography ) Maynard Institute. Retrieved June 2, 2011.〕 and went on to work for the ''Intelligencer Journal'' in Lancaster, Pennsylvania; the ''Democrat and Chronicle'' in Rochester, N.Y. 〔(Earl Caldwell, once a local watchdog )〕 He rose to fame while a reporter at ''The New York Times'' when he refused to disclose information to the FBI and the Nixon administration involving his sources in the Black Panther party. The case, United States v. Caldwell, reached the U.S. Supreme Court in 1972 when the court ruled against him. The “Caldwell Case” led to the enactment of shield laws in many states that allow reporters to protect sources and information. In addition to his work at ''The New York Times'', he worked for ''The New York Daily News''. Caldwell is writer-in-residence at the Robert C. Maynard Institute for Journalism Education in Oakland, California, where he is writing ''The Caldwell Journals'', a serialized account of the black journalist movement spawned by the 1960s civil rights movement. He previously served as the Scripps Howard Endowed Chair at Hampton University. In addition to teaching, he has organized efforts to videotape/audiotape African-American journalists selected for an oral history collection. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Earl Caldwell (journalist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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