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Ecocentrism (; from Greek: οἶκος ''oikos'', "house" and κέντρον ''kentron'', "center") is a term used in ecological political philosophy to denote a nature-centered, as opposed to human-centered, system of values. The justification for ecocentrism usually consists in an ontological belief and subsequent ethical claim. The ontological belief denies that there are any existential divisions between human and non-human nature sufficient to claim that humans are either (a) the sole bearers of intrinsic value or (b) possess greater intrinsic value than non-human nature. Thus the subsequent ethical claim is for an equality of intrinsic value across human and non-human nature, or ‘biospherical egalitarianism’.〔(Political Dictionary. ). Retrieved 13 June 2009.〕 According to Stan Rowe:〔(Stan Rowe, biographic profile. )〕 and: ==Origin of term== (詳細はAldo Leopold〔Leopold, A. 1949. ''A sand county almanac''. New York: Oxford University Press.〕 and recognizes that all species, including humans, are the product of a long evolutionary process and are inter-related in their life processes.〔Lindenmeyer, D. & Burgman, M. 2005. ''Practical conservation biology''. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia. ISBN 0-643-09089-4〕 The writings of Aldo Leopold and his idea of the land ethic and good environmental management are a key element to this philosophy. Ecocentrism focuses on the biotic community as a whole and strives to maintain ecosystem composition and ecological processes.〔Booth, D.E. 1992. The economics and ethics of old growth forests. ''Environmental Ethics'' 14: 43-62.〕 The term also finds expression in the first principle of the deep ecology movement, as formulated by Arne Næss and George Sessions in 1984〔Arne Næss|Naess, Arne & Sessions, George 1984. "A Deep Ecology Eight Point Platform" cited in ''Deep Ecology for the 21st Century'', Readings on the Philosophy and Practice of the New Environmentalism, ed. George Sessions, Shambhala, Boston and London, 1995.〕 which points out that anthropocentrism, which considers humans as the center of the universe and the pinnacle of all creation, is a difficult opponent for ecocentrism.〔("Ecocentrism and the Deep Ecology Platform". )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ecocentrism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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