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Ecospirituality connects the science of ecology with spirituality. It brings together religion and environmental activism. Ecospirituality has been defined as "a manifestation of the spiritual connection between human beings and the environment." The new millennium and the modern ecological crisis has created a need for environmentally based religion and spirituality.〔van Schalkwyk, Annalet. "Sacredness And Sustainability: Searching For A Practical Eco-Spirituality." Religion & Theology 18.1/2 (2011): 77–92. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Oct. 2015.〕 Ecospirituality is understood by some practitioners and scholars as one result of people wanting to free themselves from a consumeristic and materialistic society.〔Gottlieb, Roger S., ed. The Oxford handbook of religion and ecology. "Hindu Religion and Environmental Well-being." O.P. Dwivedi. Oxford University Press, 2006.〕 Ecospirituality has been critiqued for being an umbrella term for concepts such as deep ecology, ecofeminism, and nature religion.〔〔Taylor, Bron Raymond. Dark green religion: Nature spirituality and the planetary future. Univ of California Press, 2010.〕 Proponents may come from a range of faiths including: Islam; Catholic, Evangelical and Orthodox Christianity; Judaism; Buddhism and Indigenous traditions. Although many of their practices and beliefs may differ, a central claim is that there is "a spiritual dimension to our present ecological crisis." According to the environmentalist Sister Virginia Jones, "Eco-spirituality is about helping people experience 'the holy' in the natural world and to recognize their relationship as human beings to all creation.〔 Ecospirituality has been influenced by the ideas of deep ecology,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.acton.org/public-policy/environmental-stewardship/eco-spirituality )〕 which is characterized by "recognition of the inherent value of all living beings and the use of this view in shaping environmental policies" 〔Drengson, Alan. 2012. "Some Thought on the Deep Ecology Movement." Foundation for Deep Ecology. http://www.deepecology.org/deepecology.htm〕 Similarly to ecopsychology, it refers to the connections between the science of ecology and the study of psychology. 'Earth-based' spirituality is another term related to ecospirituality; it is associated with pagan religious traditions and the work of prominent ecofeminist, Starhawk. Ecospirituality refers to the intertwining of intuition and bodily awareness pertaining to a relational view between human beings and the planet. == Origins == Ecospirituality finds its history in the relationship between spirituality and the environment. Some scholars say it "flows from an understanding of cosmology or the story of the origin of the universe." There are multiple origin stories about how the spiritual relationship with people and the environment began. One stems from Native American philosophy, that discusses a Great Spirit that lives within the universe and the earth represents its presence.〔 Ecospirituality has also sprung from a reaction to the Western world's materialism and consumerism, characterized by ecotheologian Thomas Berry as a "crisis of cosmology." 〔 Scholars have argued that "the modern perspective is based on science and focused on the human self with everything else being outside, resulting in the demise of the metaphysical world and the disenchantment with the cosmos." 〔 Therefore, ecospirituality originates as a rebuttal to the emphasis on the material as well as Western separation from the environment, where the environment is regarded as a set of material resources with primarily instrumental value. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ecospirituality」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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