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Edgelands
Edgelands are the transitional, liminal areas of space to be found on the boundaries of country and town - with the spread of urbanisation, an increasingly important facet of the twenty-first century world.
==History==
The concept of Edgelands was introduced by Marion Shoard in 2002, to cover the disorganised but often fertile hinterland between planned town and over-managed country.〔(Our beautiful edgelands )〕 However a century and a half earlier, Victor Hugo had already highlighted the existence of what he called "bastard countryside...ugly but bizarre, made up of two different natures, which surrounds certain great cities";〔Quoted in Robert Macfarlane, ''Landmarks'' (2015) p. 231〕 while Richard Jeffries similarly explored the London edgeland in ''Nature near London'' (1883).
Nevertheless it was only in the last decades of the twentieth century - as a distinct realm of Nature increasingly disappeared beneath the commodifying impact of globalising late capitalism〔Frederic Jameson, ''The Jameson Reader'' (2002) p. 251〕 - that the significance of the unstructured borderlands between organised town and organised country, part man-made, part natural,〔M. Pratt, ''My Wild Northumbria'' (2015) p. 176 and 208〕 both for wildlife and for human exploration, came into fuller focus. Psychogeography charted the London orbital, while bombsites, canal banks and brownfield sites were documented in poetry and prose, film and photography;〔Robert Macfarlane, ''Landmarks'' (2015) p. 232〕 and the borderlands as an untapped, transgressive resource became almost the object of a new cult.〔T. Fry, ''Design in the Borderlands'' (2014) p. 159〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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