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Texas has over 1,000 public school districts—all but one of the school districts in Texas are ''independent'', separate from any form of municipal government. School districts may (and often do) cross city and county boundaries. Independent school districts have the power to tax their residents and to assert eminent domain over privately owned property. The Texas Education Agency (TEA) oversees these districts, providing supplemental funding, but its jurisdiction is limited mostly to intervening in poorly performing districts. 36 separate and distinct public universities exist in Texas, of which 32 belong to one of the six state university systems. The Carnegie Foundation classifies three of Texas's universities as research universities with very high research activity: the The University of Texas at Austin, Texas A&M University, and the University of Houston.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=UH takes big step up to Tier One status )〕 ==Primary and secondary education== Texas has over 1,000 school districts—ranging in size from the gigantic Houston Independent School District to the 13-student Divide Independent School District in rural south Texas. All but one of the school districts in Texas are separate from any form of municipal government, hence they are called "independent school districts", or "ISD" for short. School districts may (and often do) cross city and county boundaries. School districts have the power to tax their residents and to use eminent domain. The sole exception to this rule is Stafford Municipal School District, which serves all of the city of Stafford. Texas Education Agency (TEA) has oversight of the public school systems as well as the charter schools. Because of the ''independent'' nature of the school districts the TEA's actual jurisdiction is limited. The TEA is divided into twenty Educational Service Center "regions" that serve the local school districts. The ''Robin Hood plan'' is a controversial tax redistribution system that provides court-mandated equitable school financing for all school districts in the state. Property tax revenue from property-wealthy school districts is and distributed those in property-poor districts, in an effort to equalize the financing of all districts throughout Texas. Especially in the metropolitan areas, Texas also has numerous private schools of all types (non-sectarian, Catholic, and Protestant). The TEA has no authority over private school operations; private schools may or may not be accredited, and achievement tests are not required for private school graduating seniors. Many private schools will obtain accreditation and perform achievement tests as a means of encouraging future parents that the school is genuinely interested in educational performance. It is generally considered to be among the least restrictive states in which to home school. Neither TEA nor the local school district has authority to regulate home school activities; state law only requires that the curriculum 1) must teach "reading, spelling, grammar, mathematics and a study of good citizenship" (the latter interpreted to mean a course in civics) and 2) must be taught in a ''bona fide'' manner.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Texas Home School Coalition FAQ )〕 There are no minimum number of days in a year, or hours in a day, that must be met, and achievement tests are not required for home school graduating seniors. The validity of home schooling was challenged in Texas, but a landmark case, ''Leeper v. Arlington ISD'', ruled that home schooling was legal and that the state had little or no authority to regulate the practice. As of 2010 49% of children enrolled in public Pre-K through 12 primary and secondary schools in Texas are classified as Hispanic.〔Scharrer, Gary. "(In schools, a peek at Texas' future )." ''Houston Chronicle''. May 16, 2010. Retrieved on May 17, 2010.〕 In the decade from the 1999-2000 school year to the 2009-2010 school year, Hispanics made up 91% of the growth in the state's public K-12 schools. The overall student body increased by 856,061 students, with 775,075 of those students being Hispanic.〔Scharrer, Gary. "(Hispanic children make up 91% of school enrollment growth )." ''San Antonio Express-Tribune''. June 2, 2010. Retrieved on November 6, 2011.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Education in Texas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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