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:''"Ilithyia" redirects here. The former snout moth genus of that name is now synonymized with ''Aphomia.Eileithyia or Ilithyia (;Joseph Emerson Worcester, ''A comprehensive dictionary of the English language'', Boston, 1871, (p. 480 ), rule 3, where he notes the word has four syllables as in Greek and Latin, "not ''I-lith-y-i'-a'' as in Walker" (e.g. Walker and Trollope, ''A key to the classical pronunciation'' etc., London, 1830, (p. 123 )). ) was the Greek goddess of childbirth."==Etymology and primary sources==According to some authors her name does not have an Indo-European etymology,R. S. P. Beekes, ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 383. which for R. F. Willets strengthens her link to Minoan culture. "The links between Eileithyia, an earlier Minoan goddess, and a still earlier Neolithic prototype are, relatively, firm," he wrote. "The continuity of her cult depends upon the unchanging concept of her function. Eileithyia was the goddess of childbirth; and the divine helper of women in labour has an obvious origin in the human midwife." Additionally, for Willetts, Cretan dialect 'Eleuthia' would connect Eileithyia to Eleusis.19th-century scholars suggested that the name is Greek, from the verb ''eleutho'' (ἐλεύθω), ''to bring'', the goddess thus being ''The Bringer''.Max Muller F., ''Contributions to the Science of Mythology'', Vol. 2, Kessinger Publishing, 2003 (), p. 697 The variants "Eleuthia" (Cretan) and "Eleuthō" (used by Pindar) suggest a possible connection with "Eleutheria" (freedom). The earliest form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek , ''e-re-u-ti-ja'', written in the Linear B syllabic script.(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.palaeolexicon.com/ShowWord.aspx?Id=16730 ) Ilithyia is the latinisation of .To Homer she is "the goddess of the pains of birth."''Iliad'' xi.270; xvi.187; xix.103. The ''Iliad'' pictures Eileithyia alone, or sometimes multiplied, as the Eileithyiai::''"The sharp sorrow of pain descends on a woman in labour, the bitterness that the hard ''Eileithyiai'' bring on, Hera’s daughters, who hold the power of the bitter birth pangs.”'':—Iliad XI.270.The plural is also given in XIX.103.Hesiod (c. 700 BC) described Eileithyia as a daughter of Hera by Zeus (''Theogony'' 921)—and the ''Bibliotheca'' (Roman-era) and Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–27 BC) (5.72.5) agreed. But Pausanias writing in the 2nd century AD reported another early source (now lost): "The Lycian Olen, an earlier poet, who composed for the Delians, among other hymns, one to Eileithyia, styles her 'the clever spinner', clearly identifying her with ''Fate'', and makes her older than Cronus.”Pausanias, (8.21.3 ). Being the youngest born to Gaia, Cronus was a Titan of the first generation and he was identified as the father of Zeus. Likewise, the meticulously accurate mythographer, Pindar (522–443 BC), also makes no mention of Zeus::''Goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia, maid to the throne of the deep-thinking Moirai, child of all-powerful Hera, hear my song.'':—Seventh Nemean Ode.Later, for the Classical Greeks, "She is closely associated with Artemis and Hera," Burkert asserts (1985, p 1761) "but develops no character of her own." In the Orphic Hymn to Prothyraeia, the association of a goddess of childbirth as an epithet of virginal Artemis, making the death-dealing huntress also "she who comes to the aid of women in childbirth," (Graves 1955 15.a.1), would be inexplicable in purely Olympian terms::''When racked with labour pangs, and sore distressed:''the sex invoke thee, as the soul’s sure rest;:''for thou Eileithyia alone canst give relief to pain,:''which art attempts to ease, but tries in vain.:''Artemis Eileithyia, venerable power,:''who bringest relief in labour’s dreadful hour.”:—Orphic Hymn 2, to Prothyraeia, as translated by Thomas Taylor, 1792.Thus Aelian in the 3rd century AD could refer to "Artemis of the child-bed" (''On Animals'' 7.15).The Beauty of Durrës, a large 4th-century BC mosaic showing the head figure of a woman, probably portrays the goddess Eileithyia.Bank of Albania – (Coin with “The Beauty of Durrës” )Vase-painters, when illustrating the birth of Athena from Zeus' head, may show two assisting Eileithyiai, with their hands raised in the epiphany gesture.
:''"Ilithyia" redirects here. The former snout moth genus of that name is now synonymized with ''Aphomia.
Eileithyia or Ilithyia (;〔Joseph Emerson Worcester, ''A comprehensive dictionary of the English language'', Boston, 1871, (p. 480 ), rule 3, where he notes the word has four syllables as in Greek and Latin, "not ''I-lith-y-i'-a'' as in Walker" (e.g. Walker and Trollope, ''A key to the classical pronunciation'' etc., London, 1830, (p. 123 )).〕 ) was the Greek goddess of childbirth.〔"〕
==Etymology and primary sources==
According to some authors her name does not have an Indo-European etymology,〔R. S. P. Beekes, ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 383.〕 which for R. F. Willets strengthens her link to Minoan culture. "The links between Eileithyia, an earlier Minoan goddess, and a still earlier Neolithic prototype are, relatively, firm," he wrote. "The continuity of her cult depends upon the unchanging concept of her function. Eileithyia was the goddess of childbirth; and the divine helper of women in labour has an obvious origin in the human midwife." Additionally, for Willetts, Cretan dialect 'Eleuthia' would connect Eileithyia to Eleusis.
19th-century scholars suggested that the name is Greek, from the verb ''eleutho'' (ἐλεύθω), ''to bring'', the goddess thus being ''The Bringer''.〔Max Muller F., ''Contributions to the Science of Mythology'', Vol. 2, Kessinger Publishing, 2003 (), p. 697〕 The variants "Eleuthia" (Cretan) and "Eleuthō" (used by Pindar) suggest a possible connection with "Eleutheria" (freedom). The earliest form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek , ''e-re-u-ti-ja'', written in the Linear B syllabic script.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.palaeolexicon.com/ShowWord.aspx?Id=16730 ) 〕 Ilithyia is the latinisation of .
To Homer she is "the goddess of the pains of birth."〔''Iliad'' xi.270; xvi.187; xix.103.〕 The ''Iliad'' pictures Eileithyia alone, or sometimes multiplied, as the Eileithyiai:
:''"The sharp sorrow of pain descends on a woman in labour, the bitterness that the hard ''Eileithyiai'' bring on, Hera’s daughters, who hold the power of the bitter birth pangs.”''
:—Iliad XI.270.〔The plural is also given in XIX.103.〕
Hesiod (c. 700 BC) described Eileithyia as a daughter of Hera by Zeus (''Theogony'' 921)—and the ''Bibliotheca'' (Roman-era) and Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–27 BC) (5.72.5) agreed. But Pausanias writing in the 2nd century AD reported another early source (now lost): "The Lycian Olen, an earlier poet, who composed for the Delians, among other hymns, one to Eileithyia, styles her 'the clever spinner', clearly identifying her with ''Fate'', and makes her older than Cronus.”〔Pausanias, (8.21.3 ).〕 Being the youngest born to Gaia, Cronus was a Titan of the first generation and he was identified as the father of Zeus. Likewise, the meticulously accurate mythographer, Pindar (522–443 BC), also makes no mention of Zeus:
:''Goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia, maid to the throne of the deep-thinking Moirai, child of all-powerful Hera, hear my song.''
:—Seventh Nemean Ode.
Later, for the Classical Greeks, "She is closely associated with Artemis and Hera," Burkert asserts (1985, p 1761) "but develops no character of her own." In the Orphic Hymn to Prothyraeia, the association of a goddess of childbirth as an epithet of virginal Artemis, making the death-dealing huntress also "she who comes to the aid of women in childbirth," (Graves 1955 15.a.1), would be inexplicable in purely Olympian terms:
:''When racked with labour pangs, and sore distressed
:''the sex invoke thee, as the soul’s sure rest;
:''for thou Eileithyia alone canst give relief to pain,
:''which art attempts to ease, but tries in vain.
:''Artemis Eileithyia, venerable power,
:''who bringest relief in labour’s dreadful hour.”
:—Orphic Hymn 2, to Prothyraeia, as translated by Thomas Taylor, 1792.
Thus Aelian in the 3rd century AD could refer to "Artemis of the child-bed" (''On Animals'' 7.15).
The Beauty of Durrës, a large 4th-century BC mosaic showing the head figure of a woman, probably portrays the goddess Eileithyia.〔Bank of Albania – (Coin with “The Beauty of Durrës” )〕
Vase-painters, when illustrating the birth of Athena from Zeus' head, may show two assisting Eileithyiai, with their hands raised in the epiphany gesture.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 Eileithyia or Ilithyia (;Joseph Emerson Worcester, ''A comprehensive dictionary of the English language'', Boston, 1871, (p. 480 ), rule 3, where he notes the word has four syllables as in Greek and Latin, "not ''I-lith-y-i'-a'' as in Walker" (e.g. Walker and Trollope, ''A key to the classical pronunciation'' etc., London, 1830, (p. 123 )). ) was the Greek goddess of childbirth."==Etymology and primary sources==According to some authors her name does not have an Indo-European etymology,R. S. P. Beekes, ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 383. which for R. F. Willets strengthens her link to Minoan culture. "The links between Eileithyia, an earlier Minoan goddess, and a still earlier Neolithic prototype are, relatively, firm," he wrote. "The continuity of her cult depends upon the unchanging concept of her function. Eileithyia was the goddess of childbirth; and the divine helper of women in labour has an obvious origin in the human midwife." Additionally, for Willetts, Cretan dialect 'Eleuthia' would connect Eileithyia to Eleusis.19th-century scholars suggested that the name is Greek, from the verb ''eleutho'' (ἐλεύθω), ''to bring'', the goddess thus being ''The Bringer''.Max Muller F., ''Contributions to the Science of Mythology'', Vol. 2, Kessinger Publishing, 2003 (), p. 697 The variants "Eleuthia" (Cretan) and "Eleuthō" (used by Pindar) suggest a possible connection with "Eleutheria" (freedom). The earliest form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek , ''e-re-u-ti-ja'', written in the Linear B syllabic script.(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.palaeolexicon.com/ShowWord.aspx?Id=16730 ) Ilithyia is the latinisation of .To Homer she is "the goddess of the pains of birth."''Iliad'' xi.270; xvi.187; xix.103. The ''Iliad'' pictures Eileithyia alone, or sometimes multiplied, as the Eileithyiai::''"The sharp sorrow of pain descends on a woman in labour, the bitterness that the hard ''Eileithyiai'' bring on, Hera’s daughters, who hold the power of the bitter birth pangs.”'':—Iliad XI.270.The plural is also given in XIX.103.Hesiod (c. 700 BC) described Eileithyia as a daughter of Hera by Zeus (''Theogony'' 921)—and the ''Bibliotheca'' (Roman-era) and Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–27 BC) (5.72.5) agreed. But Pausanias writing in the 2nd century AD reported another early source (now lost): "The Lycian Olen, an earlier poet, who composed for the Delians, among other hymns, one to Eileithyia, styles her 'the clever spinner', clearly identifying her with ''Fate'', and makes her older than Cronus.”Pausanias, (8.21.3 ). Being the youngest born to Gaia, Cronus was a Titan of the first generation and he was identified as the father of Zeus. Likewise, the meticulously accurate mythographer, Pindar (522–443 BC), also makes no mention of Zeus::''Goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia, maid to the throne of the deep-thinking Moirai, child of all-powerful Hera, hear my song.'':—Seventh Nemean Ode.Later, for the Classical Greeks, "She is closely associated with Artemis and Hera," Burkert asserts (1985, p 1761) "but develops no character of her own." In the Orphic Hymn to Prothyraeia, the association of a goddess of childbirth as an epithet of virginal Artemis, making the death-dealing huntress also "she who comes to the aid of women in childbirth," (Graves 1955 15.a.1), would be inexplicable in purely Olympian terms::''When racked with labour pangs, and sore distressed:''the sex invoke thee, as the soul’s sure rest;:''for thou Eileithyia alone canst give relief to pain,:''which art attempts to ease, but tries in vain.:''Artemis Eileithyia, venerable power,:''who bringest relief in labour’s dreadful hour.”:—Orphic Hymn 2, to Prothyraeia, as translated by Thomas Taylor, 1792.Thus Aelian in the 3rd century AD could refer to "Artemis of the child-bed" (''On Animals'' 7.15).The Beauty of Durrës, a large 4th-century BC mosaic showing the head figure of a woman, probably portrays the goddess Eileithyia.Bank of Albania – (Coin with “The Beauty of Durrës” )Vase-painters, when illustrating the birth of Athena from Zeus' head, may show two assisting Eileithyiai, with their hands raised in the epiphany gesture.">ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■Eileithyia or Ilithyia (;Joseph Emerson Worcester, ''A comprehensive dictionary of the English language'', Boston, 1871, (p. 480 ), rule 3, where he notes the word has four syllables as in Greek and Latin, "not ''I-lith-y-i'-a'' as in Walker" (e.g. Walker and Trollope, ''A key to the classical pronunciation'' etc., London, 1830, (p. 123 )). ) was the Greek goddess of childbirth."==Etymology and primary sources==According to some authors her name does not have an Indo-European etymology,R. S. P. Beekes, ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 383. which for R. F. Willets strengthens her link to Minoan culture. "The links between Eileithyia, an earlier Minoan goddess, and a still earlier Neolithic prototype are, relatively, firm," he wrote. "The continuity of her cult depends upon the unchanging concept of her function. Eileithyia was the goddess of childbirth; and the divine helper of women in labour has an obvious origin in the human midwife." Additionally, for Willetts, Cretan dialect 'Eleuthia' would connect Eileithyia to Eleusis.19th-century scholars suggested that the name is Greek, from the verb ''eleutho'' (ἐλεύθω), ''to bring'', the goddess thus being ''The Bringer''.Max Muller F., ''Contributions to the Science of Mythology'', Vol. 2, Kessinger Publishing, 2003 (), p. 697 The variants "Eleuthia" (Cretan) and "Eleuthō" (used by Pindar) suggest a possible connection with "Eleutheria" (freedom). The earliest form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek , ''e-re-u-ti-ja'', written in the Linear B syllabic script.(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.palaeolexicon.com/ShowWord.aspx?Id=16730 ) Ilithyia is the latinisation of .To Homer she is "the goddess of the pains of birth."''Iliad'' xi.270; xvi.187; xix.103. The ''Iliad'' pictures Eileithyia alone, or sometimes multiplied, as the Eileithyiai::''"The sharp sorrow of pain descends on a woman in labour, the bitterness that the hard ''Eileithyiai'' bring on, Hera’s daughters, who hold the power of the bitter birth pangs.”'':—Iliad XI.270.The plural is also given in XIX.103.Hesiod (c. 700 BC) described Eileithyia as a daughter of Hera by Zeus (''Theogony'' 921)—and the ''Bibliotheca'' (Roman-era) and Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–27 BC) (5.72.5) agreed. But Pausanias writing in the 2nd century AD reported another early source (now lost): "The Lycian Olen, an earlier poet, who composed for the Delians, among other hymns, one to Eileithyia, styles her 'the clever spinner', clearly identifying her with ''Fate'', and makes her older than Cronus.”Pausanias, (8.21.3 ). Being the youngest born to Gaia, Cronus was a Titan of the first generation and he was identified as the father of Zeus. Likewise, the meticulously accurate mythographer, Pindar (522–443 BC), also makes no mention of Zeus::''Goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia, maid to the throne of the deep-thinking Moirai, child of all-powerful Hera, hear my song.'':—Seventh Nemean Ode.Later, for the Classical Greeks, "She is closely associated with Artemis and Hera," Burkert asserts (1985, p 1761) "but develops no character of her own." In the Orphic Hymn to Prothyraeia, the association of a goddess of childbirth as an epithet of virginal Artemis, making the death-dealing huntress also "she who comes to the aid of women in childbirth," (Graves 1955 15.a.1), would be inexplicable in purely Olympian terms::''When racked with labour pangs, and sore distressed:''the sex invoke thee, as the soul’s sure rest;:''for thou Eileithyia alone canst give relief to pain,:''which art attempts to ease, but tries in vain.:''Artemis Eileithyia, venerable power,:''who bringest relief in labour’s dreadful hour.”:—Orphic Hymn 2, to Prothyraeia, as translated by Thomas Taylor, 1792.Thus Aelian in the 3rd century AD could refer to "Artemis of the child-bed" (''On Animals'' 7.15).The Beauty of Durrës, a large 4th-century BC mosaic showing the head figure of a woman, probably portrays the goddess Eileithyia.Bank of Albania – (Coin with “The Beauty of Durrës” )Vase-painters, when illustrating the birth of Athena from Zeus' head, may show two assisting Eileithyiai, with their hands raised in the epiphany gesture.">ウィキペディアで「:''"Ilithyia" redirects here. The former snout moth genus of that name is now synonymized with ''Aphomia.Eileithyia or Ilithyia (;Joseph Emerson Worcester, ''A comprehensive dictionary of the English language'', Boston, 1871, (p. 480 ), rule 3, where he notes the word has four syllables as in Greek and Latin, "not ''I-lith-y-i'-a'' as in Walker" (e.g. Walker and Trollope, ''A key to the classical pronunciation'' etc., London, 1830, (p. 123 )). ) was the Greek goddess of childbirth."==Etymology and primary sources==According to some authors her name does not have an Indo-European etymology,R. S. P. Beekes, ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 383. which for R. F. Willets strengthens her link to Minoan culture. "The links between Eileithyia, an earlier Minoan goddess, and a still earlier Neolithic prototype are, relatively, firm," he wrote. "The continuity of her cult depends upon the unchanging concept of her function. Eileithyia was the goddess of childbirth; and the divine helper of women in labour has an obvious origin in the human midwife." Additionally, for Willetts, Cretan dialect 'Eleuthia' would connect Eileithyia to Eleusis.19th-century scholars suggested that the name is Greek, from the verb ''eleutho'' (ἐλεύθω), ''to bring'', the goddess thus being ''The Bringer''.Max Muller F., ''Contributions to the Science of Mythology'', Vol. 2, Kessinger Publishing, 2003 (), p. 697 The variants "Eleuthia" (Cretan) and "Eleuthō" (used by Pindar) suggest a possible connection with "Eleutheria" (freedom). The earliest form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek , ''e-re-u-ti-ja'', written in the Linear B syllabic script.(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.palaeolexicon.com/ShowWord.aspx?Id=16730 ) Ilithyia is the latinisation of .To Homer she is "the goddess of the pains of birth."''Iliad'' xi.270; xvi.187; xix.103. The ''Iliad'' pictures Eileithyia alone, or sometimes multiplied, as the Eileithyiai::''"The sharp sorrow of pain descends on a woman in labour, the bitterness that the hard ''Eileithyiai'' bring on, Hera’s daughters, who hold the power of the bitter birth pangs.”'':—Iliad XI.270.The plural is also given in XIX.103.Hesiod (c. 700 BC) described Eileithyia as a daughter of Hera by Zeus (''Theogony'' 921)—and the ''Bibliotheca'' (Roman-era) and Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–27 BC) (5.72.5) agreed. But Pausanias writing in the 2nd century AD reported another early source (now lost): "The Lycian Olen, an earlier poet, who composed for the Delians, among other hymns, one to Eileithyia, styles her 'the clever spinner', clearly identifying her with ''Fate'', and makes her older than Cronus.”Pausanias, (8.21.3 ). Being the youngest born to Gaia, Cronus was a Titan of the first generation and he was identified as the father of Zeus. Likewise, the meticulously accurate mythographer, Pindar (522–443 BC), also makes no mention of Zeus::''Goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia, maid to the throne of the deep-thinking Moirai, child of all-powerful Hera, hear my song.'':—Seventh Nemean Ode.Later, for the Classical Greeks, "She is closely associated with Artemis and Hera," Burkert asserts (1985, p 1761) "but develops no character of her own." In the Orphic Hymn to Prothyraeia, the association of a goddess of childbirth as an epithet of virginal Artemis, making the death-dealing huntress also "she who comes to the aid of women in childbirth," (Graves 1955 15.a.1), would be inexplicable in purely Olympian terms::''When racked with labour pangs, and sore distressed:''the sex invoke thee, as the soul’s sure rest;:''for thou Eileithyia alone canst give relief to pain,:''which art attempts to ease, but tries in vain.:''Artemis Eileithyia, venerable power,:''who bringest relief in labour’s dreadful hour.”:—Orphic Hymn 2, to Prothyraeia, as translated by Thomas Taylor, 1792.Thus Aelian in the 3rd century AD could refer to "Artemis of the child-bed" (''On Animals'' 7.15).The Beauty of Durrës, a large 4th-century BC mosaic showing the head figure of a woman, probably portrays the goddess Eileithyia.Bank of Albania – (Coin with “The Beauty of Durrës” )Vase-painters, when illustrating the birth of Athena from Zeus' head, may show two assisting Eileithyiai, with their hands raised in the epiphany gesture.」の詳細全文を読む
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