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Elefant
The ''Elefant'' (German for "elephant") was a ''Schwerer Panzerjäger'' (German: "heavy tank-hunter")—a tank destroyer—of the German ''Wehrmacht'' during World War II. It was built in small numbers in 1943 under the name ''Ferdinand'' after its designer Ferdinand Porsche, using tank hulls that had been produced for a cancelled German heavy tank design.
In 1944, after modification of the existing vehicles, they were renamed ''Elefant''. The official German designation was ''Panzerjäger Tiger'' (P) 〔Not to be confused with either the ''Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger Ausf. H" or "Ausf. E" versions of the (Tiger I), or the ''Panzerkampfwagen Tiger Ausf. B'' (Tiger II)〕 and the ordnance inventory designation was ''Sd. Kfz.'' 184.
==Development history==
Porsche GmbH had manufactured about one hundred chassis for their unsuccessful proposal for the Tiger tank, the "Porsche Tiger", in the Nibelungenwerk factory in Sankt Valentin, Austria. Both the successful Henschel proposal and the Porsche design used the same Krupp-designed turret—the Henschel design had its turret more-or-less centrally located on its hull, while the Porsche design placed the turret much closer to the front of the superstructure. Since the competing Henschel Tiger design was chosen for production, the Porsche chassis were no longer required for the Tiger tank project. It was therefore decided that the Porsche chassis were to be used as the basis of a new heavy tank destroyer, ''Ferdinand'', mounting Krupp's newly developed Pak 43/2 anti-tank gun. This precise long-range weapon was intended to destroy enemy tanks before they came within their own range of effective fire.
''Ferdinand'' was intended to supplant previous light tank destroyers such as ''Marder II'' and ''Marder III'' in the offensive role. A similar gun was used in the lightly armored ''Hornisse'' (later known as ''Nashorn'') tank destroyer, built at the same time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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