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:''Distinguish from ''Elaphus (disambiguation)''.'' ''Elephas'' is one of two surviving genera in the family of elephants, Proboscidea, with one surviving species, the Asian elephant ''Elephas maximus''. Several extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, including ''Elephas recki'', ''Elephas antiquus'', and the dwarf elephants ''E. falconeri'' and ''E. cypriotes''. The genus is very closely related to the mammoth genus ''Mammuthus''.〔Fleischer, R. C.; Perry, E. A.; Muralidharan, K.; Stevens, E. E.; Wemmer, C. M. (2001). (''Phylogeography of the Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) based on mitochondrial DNA'' ). Evolution 55(9): 1882–1892〕 ==Taxonomy== ''Elephas'' is assigned to the proboscidean family Elephantidae and comprises one living and 10 extinct species:〔Maglio, V.J. (1973). ''Origin and evolution of the Elephantidae''. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society Philadelphia Volume 63. American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia. Pp. 149〕 * ''Elephas maximus'' – Asian elephant):〔 * * ''Elephas maximus indicus'' – Indian elephant * * ''Elephas maximus maximus'' – Sri Lankan elephant * * ''Elephas maximus sumatranus'' – Sumatran elephant * * ''Elephas maximus borneensis'' – Borneo elephant, proposed but not yet recognized as valid;〔Fernando, P., Vidya, T.N.C., Payne, J., Stuewe, M., Davison, G., et al. (2003). (''DNA Analysis Indicates That Asian Elephants Are Native to Borneo and Are Therefore a High Priority for Conservation'' ). PLoS Biol 1 (1): e6〕 * * ''Elephas maximus rubridens'' – Chinese elephant † * * ''Elephas maximus asurus'' – Syrian elephant † * ''Elephas beyeri'' † – described from fossil remains found in 1911 in Luzon, Philippines by von Königswald;〔Von Königswald, G.H.R. (1956). ''Fossil mammals from the Philippines''. National Research Council of the Philippines, Manila〕 * ''Elephas celebensis'' † – Sulawesi dwarf elephant, described from southern Celebes by Hooijer in 1949;〔Hooijer, D.A. (1949). (''Pleistocene Vertebrates from Celebes. IV. - Archidiskodon celebensis nov spec.'' ). Zoologische Mededelingen Museum Leiden, 30 (14): 205–226.〕 * ''Elephas ekorensis'' † – described from the Kubi Algi Formation, Turkana, Kenya;〔 * ''Elephas falconeri'' † – described from fossil remains found in Malta by Busk in 1867;〔Busk, G. (1867). (''Description of the remains of three extinct species of elephant, collected by Capt. Spratt, C.B.R.N., in the ossiferous cavern of Zebbug, in the island of Malta'' ). Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 6: 227–306.〕 * ''Elephas hysudricus'' † – described from fossil remains found in the Siwalik hills by Falconer and Cautley, 1845;〔Falconer, H. Cautley, P. T. (1846). (''Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis, Being the Fossil Zoology of the Sewalik Hills'' ). Smith, Elder & Company, London. Pp. 64.〕 * ''Elephas hysudrindicus'' † – is a fossil elephant of the Pleistocene of Java and different from ''Elephas maximus'';〔Hooijer, D. A. (1955). (''Fossil Proboscidea from the Malay Archipelago and the Punjab'' ). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 28 (1): 1–146.〕 * ''Elephas iolensis'' † * ''Elephas planifrons'' † * ''Elephas platycephalus'' † * ''Elephas recki'' †〔Todd, N. E. (2001). (''African'' Elephas recki: ''Time, space and taxonomy'' ). In: Cavarretta, G., Gioia, P., Mussi, M. and M. R. Palombo. ''The World of Elephants, Proceedings of the 1st International Congress''. ''Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche,'' Rome, pp. 693–697.〕〔Todd, N. E. (2005). Reanalysis of African ''Elephas recki'': Implications for time, space and taxonomy. ''Quaternary International'' 126–128: 65–72.〕 * * ''Elephas recki atavus'' † * * ''Elephas recki brumpti'' † * * ''Elephas recki ileretensis'' † * * ''Elephas recki illertensis'' † * * ''Elephas recki recki'' † * * ''Elephas recki shungurensis'' † 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Elephas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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