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Elfin forest
Elfin forest, dwarf forest or pygmy forest is an ecosystem featuring dense dwarf trees with significant presence of epiphytes, inhabited by small species of fauna such as rodents and lizards. They are usually located at high elevations, under conditions of sufficient air humidity but poor soil. There are two different elfin forest ecosystem types, involving different species and environmental characteristics: coastal temperate and montane tropical regions.
Elfin forests should be more commonly found on isolated mountains due to the Massenerhebung effect. The Massenerhebung effect is a phenomenon where treelines are typically higher among mountains in close proximity to other mountains. The mountains in close proximity affect the rate of wind and heat retention, decreasing the negative effect of climate. When the treeline is lower, on isolated mountains, the climatic effects are more severe.
==Coastal temperate elfin forest==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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