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Eliprodil
Eliprodil (SL-82.0715) is a NMDA antagonist drug candidate that failed a Phase III clinical trial for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke in 1996, sponsored by Synthélabo Recherche.〔The Pharma Letter. 2 December 1996 (Synthelabo's Eliprodil Fails In Stroke Trials )〕〔DeKeyser J, Sulter G, & Luiten PG (1999) Clinical trials with neuroprotective drugs in acute ischaemic stroke: are we doing the right thing? Trends in neurosciences 22(12):535-540 PMID 10542428〕〔Lee JM, Zipfel GJ, & Choi DW (1999) The changing landscape of ischaemic brain injury mechanisms. Nature 399(6738 Suppl):A7-14 PMID 10392575〕
NMDA receptors are a key component in mediating glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, and it is believed that NMDA antagonists would be neuroprotective after a stroke or other traumatic brain injury.〔Ikonomidou C & Turski L (2002) Why did NMDA receptor antagonists fail clinical trials for stroke and traumatic brain injury? The Lancet. Neurology 1(6):383-386 PMID 12849400〕
After a traumatic brain injury, neurons become deprived of glucose and oxygen. These neurons quickly lose ATP and become depolarized, which releases glutamate. The intracellular buildup of glutamate trigger the overstimulation of AMPA and NMDA receptors. This, in turn, causes an influx of Na+ and Ca+. Therefore, when NMDA receptors are activated, there is an increase in intracellular Ca+ concentration. High Ca+ causes fatal metabolic consequences, including neuronal cell death.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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