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Elizabethkingia meningoseptica
''Elizabethkingia meningoseptica'' is a Gram negative rod shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature (e.g. fresh water, salt water, or soil). It may be normally present in fish and frogs but is not normally present in the human microflora. In 1959 American bacteriologist Elizabeth O. King (who isolated ''Kingella'' in 1960), was studying unclassified pediatric-meningitis associated bacteria at the CDC in Atlanta, when she isolated an organism (CDC group IIa) that she named ''Flavobacterium meningosepticum'' (''Flavobacterium'' means "the yellow bacillus" in Latin; ''meningosepticum'' likewise means "associated with meningitis and sepsis"). In 1994, it was reclassified in the genus ''Chryseobacterium'' and renamed ''Chryseobacterium meningosepticum''(''chryseos'' = "golden" in Greek, so ''Chryseobacterium'' means a golden/yellow rod similar to ''Flavobacterium''). In 2005, a 16S rRNA phylogenetic tree of Chrysobacteria showed that ''C. meningosepticum'' along with ''C. miricola'' (which was reported to have been isolated from Russian space station Mir in 2001 and placed in the genus ''Chrysobacterium'' in 2003) were close to each other but outside the tree of the rest of the Chryseobacteria and were then placed in a new genus ''Elizabethkingia'' named after the original discoverer of ''F. meningosepticum''.
==Presence in plants==
Two species of ''Elizabethkingia'' have recently been found to be abundant on the leaf and root surfaces of the tropical tree ''Gnetum gnemon'', in Malaysia (Oh et al. 2012, in press) (Oh, Y., Kim M., et al. Adams J.M in press 2012. Distinctive bacterial communities in the rhizoplane of four tropical tree species. Microbial Ecology. In press.
). Its role in the biology of the plant is unknown. Several other species of tropical trees studied did not have ''Elizabethkingia'' present on their leaves or roots, suggesting a host-specific relationship with ''Gnetum''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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