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Elymais or Elamais (Ἐλυμαΐς, Graecized form of the more ancient name, Elam) was a semi-independent state of the 2nd century BC to the early 3rd century AD, frequently a vassalary under Parthian control, and located at the head of the Persian Gulf in the present-day region of Khuzestan, Iran (Susiana). It is reported that these people were great archers and natives of Susa, which lies to the east of Elymais territory. Most of the Elymais were probably descendants of the ancient Elamites,〔who once had control of that area in the past. The provinces of Elymais were Massabatice (later Masabadhan), Corbiane and Gabiane. Nothing is known of their language, even though "Elamite" was still used by the Achaemenid Empire 250 years before the Elymais came into existence.〔G. Cameron ''Persepolis Treasury Tablets'' (1948), and R. Hallock, ''Persepolis Fortification Tablets'' (1969). See also Persepolis Fortification Archive.〕 A number of Aramaic inscriptions are found in Elymais.〔Gzella, H. (2008) Aramaic in the Parthian Period: The Arsacid Inscriptions. In Gzella, H. & Folmer, M.L. (Eds.) Aramaic in its Historical and Linguistic Setting. Wiesbaden. P. 107-130〕 The kingdom of Elymais survived until its extinction by Sassanid invasion in early 3rd century AD. It is also reported in 2 Maccabees that the priests of the temple of Nanea, which is located in Susa, tricked Antiochus IV Epiphanes and murdered him by throwing rocks on him and dismembering him (2Macc 1:10–17). ==Coinage== The coins depicted a king; it isn't known whether this was a Parthian king or a local ruler as such information hasn't come to light through any means. But these coins were based on Greek standards, of debased Drachms and Tetradrachms. The royal picture is generally based on "Parthian" coinage, usually with an anchor with star in crescent figure. The reverse has a figure or bust of Artemis with text around it, an eagle, or often only elongated dots (this has led numismatists to believe that the engravers didn't know Greek or copied from coins whose writing was already unintelligible).〔(Coins of Elymais )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Elymais」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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