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Emerentia
Emerentia〔Emerentia is to be distinguished from Emerentia the martyr (d. 304) who features briefly in Alban Butler's ''The lives of the fathers, martyrs, and other principal saints'' 1812, volume 1, p279: "EMERENTIA, VM She suffered about the year 304, and is named in the Martyrologies under the name of St. Jerome, Bede, and others. She is said in her acts to have been stoned to death, whilst only a catechumen, praying at the tomb of St. Agnes"〕 is the name given for a grandmother of Mary, mother of Jesus, in some European traditions and art from the late 15th century.〔Michael Alan Anderson ''Symbols of Saints: Theology, ritual, and kinship in music for John the Baptist and St. Anne (1175-1520)'' (University of Chicago) 2008, p. 332: "In some late fifteenth-century vitae, Anne was given a mother named Emerentia, as well as a sister named Esmeria." (noting Brigid Cohen, 2008).〕 She is not to be confused with Saint Emerentiana, a Roman martyr of the 3rd century.
==Sources==
There is no reference to the grandmother of Mary, by name or otherwise, in the canonical New Testament or the Protoevangelium of James, which is the earliest source naming Saint Joachim and Saint Anne as the parents of Mary.
Stories about Anne form part of Jacobus de Voragine's ''Legenda Aurea'', but her mother is not mentioned. An early source mentioning Emerentia, is Josse Bade's (Jodocius Badius Ascensius, 1461–1535) 1502 translation of Petrus Dorlandus' work ''Vita gloriosissime matris Anne'' contained in the larger compilation ''Vita Iesu Christi ... ex evangelio et approbatis ab ecclesia catholica doctoribus sedule collecta per Ludolphum per Saxonia'' (published in Paris), which tells the story:
Seventy seven years before the birth of Christ, a pious maiden, quite well off and remarkably beautiful, was in the habit of visiting, with her parents' permission, the sons of prophets on Mount Carmel. She was disinclined to marriage, until one of the Carmelites had a prophetic dream, they saw a root from which grew two trees, one had three branches, all bearing flowers, but one a flower more pure and fragrant than all the rest ... Then a voice was heard saying: "This root is our Emerentia, destined to have great descendants.〔Ann Moss: ''St Anne in Crisis'', in ''MacDonald and Twomey (eds) Schooling and Society, the ordering and reordering of knowledge in the western middle ages.''2004〕
Another source is Johann Eck, who related in a sermon that Anne's parents were named Stollanus and Emerentia.〔(Frederick G. Holweck 1907. ''Catholic Encyclopedia'' article: St Anne ) "The renowned Father John of Eck of Ingolstadt, in a sermon on St. Anne (published at Paris in 1579), pretends to know even the names of the parents St. Anne. He calls them Stollanus and Emerentia. He says that St. Anne was born after Stollanus and Emerentia had been childless for twenty years"〕
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