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Emfraz or Enfraz (also spelled ''Imfraz'', ''Infraz'', Ge'ez: እምፍራዝ ''imfrāz'' or እንፍራዝ ''infrāz''. Also called ''Guba'e'', Ge'ez: ጉባኤ ''gūbā'ē'', "assembly" and ''Guzara'', Ge'ez: ጉዛራ, ''gūzārā'')〔Hiob Ludolf refers to the town as Gubae, or "Assembly", and stated that it was the residence of the Queen of Ethiopia.〕 is an historic town and district in northern Ethiopia. Located in the mountainous area overlooking the northeast shore of Lake Tana in the Semien Gondar Zone of the Amhara Region, it sits at a latitude and longitude of . Emfranz is located on the all-weather asphalt road which connects Bahir Dar to Gondar. With improvements to this road, and the advent of electrical service, since 2005 Emfranz has become an important market center for fish from Lake Tana.〔Gordon A, Sewmehon Demissie Tegegne and Melaku Tadesse, ("Marketing systems for fish from Lake Tana, Ethiopia: Opportunities for improved marketing and livelihoods" ), IPMS (Improving Productivity and Market Success) of Ethiopian Farmers Project Working Paper 2 (2007). ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute), Nairobi, Kenya. (accessed 5 May 2009)〕 == History == The earliest notice of Emfraz was in the 14th century, when Gebre Iyasu, a disciple of Ewostatewos, founded a monastery there.〔Taddesse Tamrat, ''Church and State in Ethiopia'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972), p.208〕 The Imam Ahmad Gragn camped there during the rainy season of 1543, after he defeated Cristovão da Gama at the Battle of Wofla. The Emperor Menas later used it as his camp during the rainy season of 1559, and thereafter it was favored as an administrative center by the succeeding Emperors: Sarsa Dengel spent the rainy season there three times between 1571 and 1580, then every rainy season for four years beginning with 1585, eventually building a stone castle there, possibly modelled on the Ottoman fort at Debarwa.〔Pankhurst, ''History'', p. 96. According to Pankhurst, the ruins of this structure can still be seen.〕 Despite the move of the capital to Gondar, Emfraz still retained some importance in the following years. When the European traveller Charles Poncet visited the town around 1700, he compared it favorably to Gondar. He describes how it was an important marketplace for slaves and civet, favored by Ethiopian Muslims because there they could openly practice their religion, unlike in Gondar.〔William Foster, editor, ''The Red Sea and Adjacent Countries'' (London, Hakluyt Society, 1949), pp. 136, 143〕 The Emperor Tewoflos held his coronation in Emfraz a few years later. While over the next fifty years Emfraz declined in importance, when James Bruce visited the town he remarked on its trade in blue Surat cloth with the Oromo.〔Pankhurst, ''History'', pp. 97f〕 Records at the Nordic Africa Institute website records that by 1967 the Ethiopian Telecommunications Company had a pay telephone station in this town, but no telephone subscribers.〔("Local History in Ethiopia" ) (pdf) The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 3 June 2008)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Emfraz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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