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Epifagus
''Epifagus virginiana'' — commonly called beech drops (or beech-drops, or beechdrops) — is a obligate parasitic plant which grows and subsists on the roots of American beech (''Fagus grandifolia'') trees. It is a member of the broomrape family. ''Epifagus'' is monotypic—containing only ''E. virginiana''. The name ''Epifagus'' derives from Greek "epi" meaning "on" or "upon", and "Fagus" which is the genus name of beech.
==Description==
Beechdrops is an annual plant native to eastern North America. It entirely lacks chlorophyll and produces many brown stems up to 30 cm tall on which it bears small white and purple flowers that appear in July through October. The flowers have tubular, zygomorphic, corollas ~8mm long containing a single syle and four stamens. The dried flower stalks will persist throughout the winter.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=EPVI2 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.missouriplants.com/Pinkalt/Epifagus_virginiana_page.html )〕 The flowers on the lower parts of the plant are cleistogamous (self-pollinating) while the tops of the stems have chasmogamous (cross-pollinating) flowers which may be sterile.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/woodland/plants/beechdrops.htm )〕
Beechdrops does contain very small alternate, scale like leaves, which are a vestigial structure from a common ancestor which was photosynthetic.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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