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Epulones
The ''epulones'' formed one of the four great religious corporations (''quattuor amplissima collegia'') of ancient Roman priests. The two most important colleges were the College of Pontiffs and the augurs; the fourth was the ''quindecimviri sacris faciundis''. The ''epulones'' arranged feasts and public banquets at festivals and games ''(ludi)'', duties that had originally belonged to the pontiffs.
Initially there were three ''epulones'', but later their number was increased to seven; hence they were also known as the ''septemviri epulonum'', "seven men of the ''epulones''." Julius Caesar temporarily expanded the college to ten, but after his death it was reduced again to seven. Their college was founded in 196 BC, long after reforms had opened the magistracies and most priesthoods to plebeians, who were thus eligible from the beginning.〔(''Dictionary of Classical Antiquities'', page 221 )〕 The necessity for such a college arose as the increasingly elaborate festivals required experts to oversee their organization.〔(Religion )〕
The ''patera'' was the sacred bowl used by the ''epulones''. It was shallow with a raised center, so that when held in the palm, the thumb may be placed on the raised center without profaning the libation as it is poured into the ''focus'', or sacred fire. The ''patera'' was the special emblem of the ''epulones''. The paten used today by Roman Catholic priests, omits the raised center.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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