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''Esox'' is a genus of freshwater fish, the only living genus in the family Esocidae—the esocids which were endemic to North America, Europe and Eurasia during the Paleogene through present.〔(PaleoBiology Database: ''Esox'', basic info )〕 The species of this genus are known as pike and pickerel''and in heraldry a fish of the genus is usually called a lucy (English heraldry) or a ''ged'' (Scottish heraldry).〔 The type species is ''E. lucius,'' the northern pike. The big pike species are native to the Palearctic and Nearctic ecozones, ranging across northern North America and from Western Europe to Siberia in Eurasia. Pikes have the elongated, torpedo-like form of predatory fishes, with sharply pointed heads and sharp teeth. Their coloration is typically grey-green with a mottled or spotted appearance with stripes along their backs, providing camouflage among weeds. Individual pike marking patterns are unique, like fingerprints. Pike can grow to a maximum recorded length of , reaching a maximum recorded weight of . ==Species== There currently seven recognized species in this genus: * ''Esox aquitanicus'' Denys, Dettai, Persat, Hautecœur & Keith, 2014 (Aquitanian pike) * ''Esox americanus'' J. F. Gmelin, 1789 (American pickerel) * * ''Esox americanus americanus'' J. F. Gmelin, 1789 (Redfin pickerel) * * ''Esox americanus vermiculatus'' Lesueur, 1846 (Grass pickerel) * ''Esox cisalpinus'' Bianco & Delmastro, 2011 (Southern pike) 〔Lucentini, Puletti, Ricciolini, Gigliarelli, Fontaneto, Lanfaloni, Bilò, Natali, Panara (2011). ''Molecular and Phenotypic Evidence of a New Species of Genus Esox (Esocidae, Esociformes, Actinopterygii): The Southern Pike, Esox flaviae.'' PLoS ONE 6(12): e25218. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025218〕 * ''Esox lucius'' Linnaeus, 1758 (Northern pike) * ''Esox masquinongy'' Mitchill, 1824 (Muskellunge) * * ''Esox masquinongy masquinongy'' (Great Lakes muskellunge or Spotted muskellunge ) * * ''Esox masquinongy ohioensis'' (Chautauqua muskellunge or Barred muskellunge) * * ''Esox masquinongy immaculatus'' (Clear muskellunge) * ''Esox niger'' Lesueur, 1818 (Chain pickerel) * ''Esox reichertii'' Dybowski, 1869 (Amur pike) One fossil species, ''Esox kronneri'' Grande, 1999, is known from the Eocene of the Green River formation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Esox」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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