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Estophilia (from Greek: φίλος, "dear, loving") refers to the ideas and activities of people not of Estonian descent who are sympathetic to or interested in Estonian language, Estonian literature or Estonian culture, History of Estonia and Estonia in general. Such people are known as Estophiles. Its opposite is Estophobia. The term particularly refers to the activities of the Estophile Movement of the late 18th to early 19th century, when Baltic German scholars began documenting and promoting Estonian culture and language. This movement played a crucial role triggering the Estonian Age of Awakening almost 100 years later that eventually led to the Estonian Declaration of Independence in 1918, the Estonian War of Independence and the foundation of the Republic of Estonia. == Background == Since the Northern Crusades, Estonian culture had been rather suppressed in society, and the ruling culture – the one that governed cities, partook in the Hanseatic league, and organised trade – was Germanic, with the occasional influx of new memes when the rulers changed. Indigenous Estonian culture was largely restricted to the peasants. While vertical mobility was not impossible, the ethnic Estonians that became citizens or landlords tended to Germanise voluntarily. However, while this suppression largely isolated the Germanic administrators from Estonian lower classes, it did not destroy the native culture. The relatively long time of peace from Swedish rule onwards gave the upper classes an opportunity to take up hobbies, and some of them ended up learning about the native Estonian culture, in the process, contributing to systematic understanding of it. The Enlightenment era brought with it greater tolerance and spread the desire to educate the uneducated.〔Estonica: (1710–1850. The Baltic Landesstaat. Enlightenment and enlightened absolutism )〕 For example, the very first Estonian language periodical publication, the ''Lühhike öppetus'' (Estonian for ''Brief Instruction''), concerned medical techniques.〔Greif publishing house: (Greif and its genealogy )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Estophilia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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