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''Etheostoma'' is a large genus of small freshwater fish in the family Percidae native to North America. Most are restricted to the United States, but there are also species in Canada and Mexico. They are commonly known as darters although the term ''"darter"'' is shared by several other genera. Many can produce alarm pheromones that serve to warn nearby fish in case of an attack.〔Smith, R.J.F. (1992): Alarm signals in fishes. ''Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2 (1): 33-63.''〕 ==Species== There are currently 157 recognized species in this genus: * ''Etheostoma acuticeps'' R. M. Bailey, 1959 (Sharphead darter) * ''Etheostoma akatulo'' Layman & Mayden, 2009 (Bluemask darter) * ''Etheostoma artesiae'' (O. P. Hay, 1881) (Redspot darter) * ''Etheostoma asprigene'' (S. A. Forbes, 1878) (Mud darter) * ''Etheostoma atripinne'' (D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Cumberland snubnose darter) * ''Etheostoma australe'' D. S. Jordan, 1889 (Conchos darter) * ''Etheostoma autumnale'' Mayden, 2010 * ''Etheostoma baileyi'' Page & Burr, 1982 (Emerald darter) * ''Etheostoma barbouri'' Kuehne & J. W. Small, 1971 (Teardrop darter) * ''Etheostoma barrenense'' Burr & Page, 1982 (Splendid darter) * ''Etheostoma basilare'' Page, Hardman & Near, 2003 (Corrugated darter) * ''Etheostoma bellator'' Suttkus & R. M. Bailey, 1993 (Warrior darter) * ''Etheostoma bellum'' Zorach, 1968 (Orangefin darter) * ''Etheostoma bison'' Ceas & Page, 1997 (Buffalo darter) * ''Etheostoma blennioides'' Rafinesque, 1819 (Greenside darter) * ''Etheostoma blennius'' C. H. Gilbert & Swain, 1887 (Blenny darter) * ''Etheostoma boschungi'' Wall & J. D. Williams, 1974 (Slackwater darter) * ''Etheostoma brevirostrum'' Suttkus & Etnier, 1991 (Holiday darter) * ''Etheostoma brevispinum'' (Coker, 1926) (Carolina fantail darter) * ''Etheostoma burri'' Ceas & Page, 1997 (Brook darter) * ''Etheostoma caeruleum'' D. H. Storer (fr), 1845 (Rainbow darter) * ''Etheostoma camurum'' (Cope, 1870) (Bluebreast darter) * ''Etheostoma cervus'' Powers & Mayden, 2003 (Chickasaw darter) * ''Etheostoma chermocki'' Boschung, Mayden & Tomelleri, 1992 (Vermilion darter) * ''Etheostoma chienense'' Page & Ceas, 1992 (Relict darter) * ''Etheostoma chlorobranchium'' Zorach, 1972 (Greenfin darter) * ''Etheostoma chlorosomum'' (O. P. Hay, 1881) (Bluntnose darter) * ''Etheostoma chuckwachatte'' Mayden & R. M. Wood, 1993 (Lipstick darter) * ''Etheostoma cinereum'' D. H. Storer (fr), 1845 (Ashy darter) * ''Etheostoma clinton'' Mayden & Layman, 2012 (Beaded darter) * ''Etheostoma collettei'' Birdsong & L. W. Knapp, 1969 (Creole darter) * ''Etheostoma collis'' (C. L. Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) (Carolina darter) * ''Etheostoma colorosum'' Suttkus & R. M. Bailey, 1993 (Coastal darter) * ''Etheostoma coosae'' (Fowler, 1945) (Coosa darter) * ''Etheostoma corona'' Page & Ceas, 1992 (Crown darter) * ''Etheostoma cragini'' C. H. Gilbert, 1885 (Arkansas darter) * ''Etheostoma crossopterum'' Braasch & Mayden, 1985 (Fringed darter) * ''Etheostoma davisoni'' O. P. Hay, 1885 (Choctawhatchee darter) * ''Etheostoma denoncourti'' Stauffer & van Snik, 1997 (Golden darter) * ''Etheostoma derivativum'' Page, Hardman & Near, 2003 (Stone darter) * ''Etheostoma ditrema'' Ramsey & Suttkus, 1965 (Coldwater darter) * ''Etheostoma douglasi'' R. M. Wood & Mayden, 1993 (Tuskaloossa darter) * ''Etheostoma duryi'' Henshall, 1889 (Black darter) * ''Etheostoma edwini'' (C. L. Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) (Brown darter) * ''Etheostoma erythrozonum'' Switzer & R. M. Wood, 2009 (Meramec saddled darter) * ''Etheostoma etnieri'' Bouchard, 1977 (Cherry darter) * ''Etheostoma etowahae'' R. M. Wood & Mayden, 1993 (Etowah darter) * ''Etheostoma euzonum'' (C. L. Hubbs & J. D. Black, 1940) (Arkansas saddled darter) * ''Etheostoma exile'' (Girard, 1859) (Iowa darter) * ''Etheostoma flabellare'' Rafinesque, 1819 (Fantail darter) * ''Etheostoma flavum'' Etnier & R. M. Bailey, 1989 (Saffron darter) * ''Etheostoma fonticola'' (D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1886) (Fountain darter) * ''Etheostoma forbesi'' Page & Ceas, 1992 (Barrens darter) * ''Etheostoma fragi'' Distler, 1968 (Strawberry darter) * ''Etheostoma fricksium'' Hildebrand, 1923 (Savannah darter) * ''Etheostoma fusiforme'' (Girard, 1854) (Swamp darter) * ''Etheostoma gore'' Mayden & Layman, 2012 (Cumberland darter) * ''Etheostoma gracile'' (Girard, 1859) (Slough darter) * ''Etheostoma grahami'' (Girard, 1859) (Rio Grande darter) * ''Etheostoma gutselli'' (Hildebrand, 1932) (Tuckasegee darter) * ''Etheostoma histrio'' D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1887 (Harlequin darter) * ''Etheostoma hopkinsi'' (Fowler, 1945) (Christmas darter) * ''Etheostoma inscriptum'' (D. S. Jordan & Brayton, 1878) (Turquoise darter) * ''Etheostoma jessiae'' (D. S. Jordan & Brayton, 1878) (Blueside darter) * ''Etheostoma jimmycarter'' Mayden & Layman, 2012 (Bluegrass darter) * ''Etheostoma jordani'' C. H. Gilbert, 1891 (Greenbreast darter) * ''Etheostoma juliae'' Meek, 1891 (Yoke darter) * ''Etheostoma kanawhae'' (Raney, 1941) (Kanawha darter) * ''Etheostoma kantuckeense'' Ceas & Page, 1997 (Highland Rim darter) * ''Etheostoma kennicotti'' (Putnam, 1863) (Stripetail darter) * ''Etheostoma lachneri'' Suttkus & R. M. Bailey, 1994 (Tombigbee darter) * ''Etheostoma lawrencei'' Ceas & Burr, 2002 (Headwater darter) * ''Etheostoma lemniscatum'' Blanton, 2008 (Tuxedo darter) * ''Etheostoma lepidum'' (S. F. Baird & Girard, 1853) (Greenthroat darter) * ''Etheostoma longimanum'' D. S. Jordan, 1888 (Longfin darter) * ''Etheostoma lugoi'' S. M. Norris & W. L. Minckley, 1997 (Tufa darter) * ''Etheostoma luteovinctum'' C. H. Gilbert & Swain, 1887 (Redband darter) * ''Etheostoma lynceum'' O. P. Hay, 1885 (Brighteye darter) * ''Etheostoma maculatum'' Kirtland, 1840 (Spotted darter) * ''Etheostoma mariae'' (Fowler, 1947) (Pinewoods darter) * ''Etheostoma marmorpinnum'' Blanton & R. E. Jenkins, 2008 (Marbled darter) * ''Etheostoma maydeni'' Powers & Kuhajda, 2012 (Redlips darter) * ''Etheostoma microperca'' D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1888 (Least darter) * ''Etheostoma mihileze'' Mayden, 2010 * ''Etheostoma moorei'' Raney & Suttkus, 1964 (Yellowcheek darter) * ''Etheostoma nebra'' Near & M. R. Thomas, 2015 (Buck darter) 〔Near, T.J. & Thomas, M.R. (2015): A New Barcheek Darter Species from Buck Creek (Cumberland River System), Kentucky (Percidae: Etheostomatinae: ''Catonotus'': ''Oopareia''). ''Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 56 (2): 127–146.''〕 * ''Etheostoma neopterum'' W. M. Howell & Dingerkus, 1978 (Lollipop darter) * ''Etheostoma nianguae'' C. H. Gilbert & Meek, 1887 (Niangua darter) * ''Etheostoma nigripinne'' Braasch & Mayden, 1985 (Blackfin darter) * ''Etheostoma nigrum'' Rafinesque, 1820 (Johnny darter) * ''Etheostoma nuchale'' W. M. Howell & R. D. Caldwell, 1965 (Watercress darter) * ''Etheostoma obama'' Mayden & Layman, 2012 (Spangled darter) * ''Etheostoma obeyense'' Kirsch, 1892 (Barcheek darter) * ''Etheostoma occidentale'' Powers & Mayden, 2007 * ''Etheostoma okaloosae'' (Fowler, 1941) (Okaloosa darter) * ''Etheostoma olivaceum'' Braasch & Page, 1979 (Sooty darter) * ''Etheostoma olmstedi'' D. H. Storer (fr), 1842 (Tessellated darter) * ''Etheostoma oophylax'' Ceas & Page, 1992 (Guardian darter) * ''Etheostoma orientale'' Powers & Mayden, 2007 * ''Etheostoma osburni'' (C. L. Hubbs & Trautman, 1932) (Candy darter) * ''Etheostoma pallididorsum'' Distler & Metcalf, 1962 (Paleback darter) * ''Etheostoma parvipinne'' C. H. Gilbert & Swain, 1887 (Goldstripe darter) * ''Etheostoma percnurum'' R. E. Jenkins, 1994 (Duskytail darter) * ''Etheostoma perlongum'' (C. L. Hubbs & Raney, 1946) (Waccamaw darter) * ''Etheostoma phytophilum'' Bart & M. S. Taylor, 1999 (Rush darter) * ''Etheostoma planasaxatile'' Powers & Mayden, 2007 * ''Etheostoma podostemone'' D. S. Jordan & O. P. Jenkins, 1889 (Riverweed darter) * ''Etheostoma pottsii'' (Girard, 1859) (Chihuahua darter) * ''Etheostoma proeliare'' (O. P. Hay, 1881) (Cypress darter) * ''Etheostoma pseudovulatum'' Page & Ceas, 1992 (Egg-mimic darter) * ''Etheostoma punctulatum'' (Agassiz, 1854) (Stippled darter) * ''Etheostoma pyrrhogaster'' R. M. Bailey & Etnier, 1988 (Firebelly darter) * ''Etheostoma radiosum'' (C. L. Hubbs & J. D. Black, 1941) (Orangebelly darter) * ''Etheostoma rafinesquei'' Burr & Page, 1982 (Kentucky darter) * ''Etheostoma ramseyi'' Suttkus & R. M. Bailey, 1994 (Alabama darter) * ''Etheostoma raneyi'' Suttkus & Bart, 1994 (Yazoo darter) * ''Etheostoma rubrum'' Raney & Suttkus, 1966 (Bayou darter) * ''Etheostoma rufilineatum'' (Cope, 1870) (Red-line darter) * ''Etheostoma rupestre'' C. H. Gilbert & Swain, 1887 (Rock darter) * ''Etheostoma sagitta'' (D. S. Jordan & Swain, 1883) (Arrow darter) * ''Etheostoma saludae'' (C. L. Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) (Saluda darter) * ''Etheostoma scotti'' Bauer, Etnier & Burkhead, 1995 (Cherokee darter) * ''Etheostoma segrex'' S. M. Norris & W. L. Minckley, 1997 (Río Salado darter) * ''Etheostoma sellare'' (Radcliffe & W. W. Welsh, 1913) (Maryland darter) * ''Etheostoma sequatchiense'' Burr, 1979 (Sequatchie darter) * ''Etheostoma serrifer'' (C. L. Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) (Sawcheek darter) * ''Etheostoma simoterum'' (Cope, 1868) (Snubnose darter) * ''Etheostoma sitikuense'' Blanton, 2008 (Citico darter) * ''Etheostoma smithi'' Page & Braasch, 1976 (Slabrock darter) * ''Etheostoma spectabile'' (Agassiz, 1854) (Orangethroat darter) * ''Etheostoma spilotum'' C. H. Gilbert, 1887 (Cumberland Plateau darter) * ''Etheostoma squamiceps'' D. S. Jordan, 1877 (Spottail darter) * ''Etheostoma stigmaeum'' (D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Speckled darter) * ''Etheostoma striatulum'' Page & Braasch, 1977 (Striated darter) * ''Etheostoma susanae'' (D. S. Jordan & Swain, 1883) (Cumberland darter) * ''Etheostoma swaini'' (D. S. Jordan, 1884) (Gulf darter) * ''Etheostoma swannanoa'' D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1889 (Swannanoa darter) * ''Etheostoma tallapoosae'' Suttkus & Etnier, 1991 (Tallapoosa darter) * ''Etheostoma tecumsehi'' Ceas & Page, 1997 (Shawnee darter) * ''Etheostoma teddyroosevelt'' Mayden & Layman, 2012 (Highland darter) * ''Etheostoma tennesseense'' Powers & Mayden, 2007 * ''Etheostoma tetrazonum'' (C. L. Hubbs & J. D. Black, 1940) (Missouri saddled darter) * ''Etheostoma thalassinum'' (D. S. Jordan & Brayton, 1878) (Sea-green darter) * ''Etheostoma thompsoni'' Suttkus, Bart & Etnier, 2012 (Gumbo darter) * ''Etheostoma tippecanoe'' D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1890 (Tippecanoe darter) * ''Etheostoma trisella'' R. M. Bailey & W. J. Richards, 1963 (Trispot darter) * ''Etheostoma tuscumbia'' C. H. Gilbert & Swain, 1887 (Tuscumbia darter) * ''Etheostoma uniporum'' Distler, 1968 (Current darter) * ''Etheostoma variatum'' Kirtland, 1838 (Variegate darter) * ''Etheostoma virgatum'' (D. S. Jordan, 1880) (Striped darter) * ''Etheostoma vitreum'' (Cope, 1870) (Glassy darter) * ''Etheostoma vulneratum'' (Cope, 1870) (Wounded darter) * ''Etheostoma wapiti'' Etnier & J. D. Williams, 1989 (Boulder darter) * ''Etheostoma whipplei'' (Girard, 1859) (Redfin darter) * ''Etheostoma zonale'' (Cope, 1868) (Banded darter) * ''Etheostoma zonifer'' (C. L. Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) (Backwater darter) * ''Etheostoma zonistium'' R. M. Bailey & Etnier, 1988 (Bandfin darter) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Etheostoma」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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