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Tasselled wobbegong
The tasselled wobbegong (''Eucrossorhinus dasypogon'') is a species of carpet shark in the family Orectolobidae and the only member of its genus. It inhabits shallow coral reefs off northern Australia, New Guinea, and adjacent islands. Reaching in length, this species has a broad and flattened body and head. Its most distinctive trait is a fringe of branching dermal flaps around its head, which extends onto its chin. The fringe, along with its complex color pattern of small blotches and reticulations, enable it to camouflage itself against the reef environment.
During the day, the solitary tasselled wobbegong can generally be found lying inside caves or under ledges with its tail curled. Individual sharks tend to remain within a local area and have favored resting spots. While resting, it opportunistically ambushes nearby fishes and invertebrates, and also lures in prey by waving its tail to mimic the appearance of a small fish. At night, it emerges and actively forages for food. This species is aplacental viviparous, though little is known of its life history. The tasselled wobbegong has been reported to bite humans unprovoked; attacks may result from people accidentally disturbing the shark or being misperceived as prey. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed this species as Near Threatened, as outside of Australia it is threatened by fisheries and habitat degradation.
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker originally described the tasselled wobbegong in an 1867 volume of ''Archives Néerlandaises des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles''. His account was based on two Indonesian specimens, one caught off Waigeo and the other off Aru. He gave it the name ''dasypogon'', from the Greek ''dasys'' ("hairy") and ''pogon'' ("beard"), and assigned it to the genus ''Crossorhinus'' (a synonym of ''Orectolobus'').〔 In 1908, Charles Tate Regan created the new genus ''Eucrossorhinus'' for this species, derived from the Greek ''eu'' ("good"), ''krossoi'' ("tassel") and ''rhinos'' ("nose").〔〔 Regan subsequently reconsidered the main trait he used to separate ''Eucrossorhinus'' (the spacing of the fourth and fifth gill slits) and synonymized it with ''Orectolobus''.〔 Later authors have placed the tasselled wobbegong either in its own genus or in ''Orectolobus''.〔 Other common names for this species are bearded wobbegong and Ogilby's wobbegong.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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