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|synonyms_ref = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=WCSP )〕 |}} ''Eugenia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family Myrtaceae. It has a worldwide, although highly uneven, distribution in tropical and subtropical regions. The bulk of the approximately 1,000 species occur in the New World tropics, especially in the northern Andes, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Forest (coastal forests) of eastern Brazil. Other centers of diversity include New Caledonia and Madagascar. Many species new to science have been and are in the process of being described from these regions. For example, 37 new species of ''Eugenia'' have been described from Mesoamerica in the past few years. At least 20 new species are currently in the process of being described from New Caledonia, and approximately the same number of species new to science may occur in Madagascar. Despite the enormous ecological importance of the myrtle family in Australia (e.g. ''Eucalyptus'', ''Corymbia'', ''Angophora'', ''Melaleuca'', ''Callistemon'', ''Rhodamnia'', ''Gossia''), only one species of ''Eugenia'', ''E. reinwardtiana'', occurs on that continent. The genus also is represented in Africa south of the Sahara, but it is relatively species-poor on that continent. In the past some botanists included the morphologically similar Old World genus ''Syzygium'' in ''Eugenia'', but research by Rudolf Schmid in the early 1970s convinced most botanists that the genera are easily separable. Research by van Wyk and colleagues in South Africa suggests the genus may comprise at least two major lineages, recognizable by anatomical and other features. All species are woody evergreen trees and shrubs. Several are grown as ornamental plants for their attractive glossy foliage, and a few produce edible fruit that are eaten fresh or used in jams and jellies. ''Eugenia'' species are sometimes used as food plants by the larvae of hepialid moths of the genera ''Aenetus'' (including ''A. splendens'') and ''Endoclita'' (including ''E. damor'' and ''E. malabaricus''). ''Aenetus'' species burrow horizontally into the trunk then vertically down. Other Lepidoptera larvae which feed on ''Eugenia'' include ''Eupseudosoma aberrans'' and Snowy Eupseudosoma. The genus was named in honor of Prince Eugene of Savoy. ==Selected species== *''Eugenia aurata'' O.Berg *''Eugenia axillaris'' Sw.Willd.〔Wunderlin, R. P., and B. F. Hansen. 2008. "Eugenia axillaris". Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=2831).(M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute. ) Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.〕 *''Eugenia bimarginata'' DC. *''Eugenia blastantha'' (O.Berg) D.Legrand *''Eugenia brasiliensis'' Lam. – Grumichama (Brazil) *''Eugenia brejoensis'' Mazine〔Fiorella Fernanda Mazine and Viniciu Castro Souza (2008), ''A new species of ''Eugenia'' (Myrtaceae) from north-eastern Brazil'' Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, volume 158, issue 4, pages 775–777.〕 *''Eugenia candolleana'' *''Eugenia capensis'' *''Eugenia cerasiflora'' Miq. *''Eugenia confusa'' *''Eugenia copacabanensis'' – Copacabana Beach Pitanga (Atlantic Coast restingas in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) *''Eugenia coronata'' * ''Eugenia dysenterica'' DC. a.k.a. ''Stenocalyx dysentericus'' O.Berg *''Eugenia earthiana'' (Costa Rica) *''Eugenia fernandopoana'' * ''Eugenia florida'' *''Eugenia foetida'' *''Eugenia fulva'' *''Eugenia hiemalis'' Cambess. *''Eugenia involucrata'' Cherry of the Rio Grande *''Eugenia klotzschiana'' O.Berg *''Eugenia koolauensis'' O.Deg – Koolau Eugenia, ''Nioi'' (Islands of Molokai and Oahu in Hawaii) *''Eugenia lamprophylla'' *''Eugenia ligustrina'' *''Eugenia livida'' O.Berg *''Eugenia luschnathiana'' Klotzsch & O.Berg – Pitomba (Bahia, Brazil) *''Eugenia mabaeoides'' Wight. *''Eugenia modesta'' *''Eugenia monticola'' *''Eugenia orbiculata'' *''Eugenia petrikensis'' *''Eugenia pitanga'' (O.Berg ex Mart.) Kiaersk. – Pitanga *''Eugenia pluriflora'' Mart. *''Eugenia polyantha'' *''Eugenia punicifolia'' (Kunth) DC. *''Eugenia pyriformis'', Brazil *''Eugenia reinwardtiana'' (Blume) DC. – Mountain Stopper, Cedar Bay Cherry (Queensland in Australia, Indonesia, Pacific Islands) *''Eugenia roxburghii DC. *''Eugenia singampattiana'' Beddome *''Eugenia sprengelii'' *''Eugenia stipitata'' McVaugh – Arazá (Amazon Rainforest) *''Eugenia supraaxillaris'' *''Eugenia truncata'' *''Eugenia umtamvunensis'' (South Africa) *''Eugenia uniflora'' L. – Surinam Cherry (Neotropics) *''Eugenia uruguayensis'' Cambess. *''Eugenia victoriana'', northern South America 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eugenia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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