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Eupalinos () or Eupalinus of Megara was an ancient Greek engineer who built the Tunnel of Eupalinos on Samos Island in the 6th century BC. The tunnel, presumably completed between 550 and 530 BC,〔Harry B. Evans, Review of Hermann Kienast, p.150〕 is the second known tunnel in history which was excavated from both ends and the first with a methodical approach in doing so.〔The oldest known tunnel which was dug by two teams from opposite ends was Siloam tunnel in Jerusalem, completed around 700 BC. However, numerous false starts in wrong directions, which took the tunnel to cover a distance of , indicate that the work was done without a methodical approach (Burns 173). Rather, the workers followed probably an underground watercourse (Apostel 33).〕 Being also the longest tunnel of its time, the Tunnel of Eupalinos is regarded as a major feat of ancient engineering. It was constructed for the tyrant Polycrates of Samos, and was a remarkable long. It brought water to the city, passing through limestone at the base of a hill; this tunnel still exists. The Greek historian Herodotus describes the tunnel briefly in his ''Histories'' (3.60) and calls Eupalinos of Megara its architect: Eupalinos is supposed to be the first hydraulic engineer in history whose name has been passed down. Apart from that, though, nothing more is known about him.〔Tom Apostel, p.33〕 A large road tunnel, named after Eupalinos has been recently built under the Geraneia mountains in Corinthia, to facilitate the new expressway connection between Athens and Corinth. Eupalinos tunnel is the longest of three subsequent tunnels of the same width at this expressway. == See also == * Ancient Greek units of measurement 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eupalinos」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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