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Eve ((ヘブライ語:חַוָּה), Classical Hebrew: ''Ḥawwāh'', Modern Israeli Hebrew: ''Chavah'', (アラビア語:حواء), Syriac: ܚܘܐ, (ティグリニャ語:ሕይዋን) or ') is a figure in the Book of Genesis in the Hebrew Bible. According to the creation myth〔, "Creation myths are symbolic stories describing how the universe and its inhabitants came to be. Creation myths develop through oral traditions and therefore typically have multiple versions."〕 of the Abrahamic religions, she was the first woman. In Islamic tradition, Eve is known as Adam's wife although she is not specifically named in the Qur'an. In the Genesis creation narratives, she was created by Yahweh-Elohim ("Yahweh-God", the god of Israel) by taking her from the side of Adam, the first human. According to Genesis 1 and 2, Eve is the first woman created by God (Yahweh, the God of Israel). God created her to be Adam's companion. She succumbs to the serpent's temptation via the suggestion that to eat the forbidden fruit from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil would improve on the way God had made her, and that she would not die. She, believing the lie of the serpent rather than the earlier instruction from God, shares the fruit with Adam. As a result, the first humans are expelled from the Garden of Eden. Though traditionally Adam and Eve are said to have been cursed by God, there is no indication of that in the Genesis account. A close look at the Genesis 2 passage reveals that God cursed the serpent. God told both Adam and Eve what would be some of the consequences to them and their forebears from sin entering the human race. To the woman God prophetically said, “I will make your pains in childbearing very severe; with painful labor you will give birth to children. Your desire will be for your husband, and he will rule over you”. God also told Adam, "Cursed is the ground because of you". Christian churches differ on how they view both Adam and Eve's disobedience to God (often called the Fall of man), and to the consequences that those actions had on the rest of humanity. Christian and Jewish teachings sometimes hold Adam (the first man) and Eve to a different level of responsibility for the Fall, though Islamic teaching holds both equally responsible. Though Eve is not a saint's name, the traditional name day of Adam and Eve has been celebrated on December 24 since the Middle Ages in many European countries such as Germany, Hungary, Scandinavia, Estonia, and Lithuania. ==Etymology== ''Eve'' in Hebrew is ''Ḥawwāh'', meaning "living one" or "source of life", and is related to ''ḥāyâ'', "to live". The name derives from the Semitic root ''ḥyw''.〔American Heritage Dictionary〕 Hawwah has been compared to the Hurrian Goddess Kheba, who was shown in the Amarna Letters to be worshipped in Jerusalem during the Late Bronze Age. It has been suggested that the name Kheba may derive from Kubau, a woman who was the first ruler of the Third Dynasty of Kish.〔The Weidner "Chronicle" mentioning Kubaba from A. K. Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles (1975)〕〔Munn, Mark (2004). "Kybele as Kubaba in a Lydo-Phrygian Context": Emory University cross-cultural conference "Hittites, Greeks and Their Neighbors in Central Anatolia" (Abstracts)〕 The Goddess Asherah, wife of El, mother of the elohim from the first millennium BCE was given the title ''Chawat'', from which the name ''Hawwah'' in Aramaic was derived, Eve in English.〔Dever, William K (2005), "Did God Have A Wife? Archaeology And Folk Religion In Ancient Israel" (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company)〕 It has been suggested that the Hebrew name Eve () also bears resemblance〔Saul Olyan, Asherah (1988), pp. 70-71, contested by O. Keel〕 to an Aramaic word for "snake" (O.Arb.: ; J.Arm.: ), see below. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eve」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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