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Exiguobacterium
''Exiguobacterium'' is a genus of bacilli and a member of the low GC phyla of Firmicutes. Collins'' et al''. first described the genus ''Exiguobacterium ''with the characterization of ''E. aurantiacum'' strain DSM6208T from an alkaline potato processing plant. It has been found in areas covering a wide range of temperatures (-12oC—55oC) including glaciers in Greenland and hot springs in Yellowstone, and has been isolated from ancient permafrost in Siberia. This ability to survive in varying temperature extremes makes them an important area of study. Some strains in addition to dynamic thermal adaption are also halotolerant (up to 13% added NaCl added to the medium), can grow within a wide range of pH values (5-11), tolerate high levels of UV radiation, and heavy metal stress (including arsenic).
''Exiguobacterium'' are globally diverse organisms that are found in a variety of environments including microbialites (Thrombolite from Pavilion Lake, BC and Stromatolites from Laguna Socompa, Argentina), ocean, freshwater lakes, Himalayan ice, Himalayan soil, hydrothermal vents, brine shrimp and in microbial biofilms
Currently, seven genomes from the genus have been completed as either complete (one circular chromosome, with plasmids) or in a draft format (containing multiple unassembled contigs).
==Biodegradation of plastic==
According to an article in the Stanford News Service,〔https://news.stanford.edu/pr/2015/pr-worms-digest-plastics-092915.html〕 senior research engineer Wei-Min Wu reported in his article "Biodegradation and Mineralization of Polystyrene by Plastic-Eating Mealworms. 2. Role of Gut Microorganisms." 〔http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26390390〕 that mealworms can survive on a diet of polystyrene when aided by strain YT2 of Exiguobacterium living in their gut.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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